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Wine Store Layout
This view attempts to replicate they standard layout of a wine store so that you can easly reference wine information
in the tables below when standing in front of a shelf of bottles.
All
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Chile
France
Germany
Greece
Hungry
Italy
New Zealand
Portugal
South Africa
Spain
Turkey
United States
Argentina
Wine Name
Regions
Malbec Wine
Red - Still
Argentina
Region Climate(s): Warm
Argentina -
Mendoza
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Very sunny and at elevation so cool nights.
Wine Notes: Maturation in new oak.
Australia
Wine Name
Regions
Barbaresco (Nebbiolo) Wine
Red - Still
Wine made from the Nebbiolo grape in Barbaresco, Italy. Must be aged 26+ months. Good while young and can also age well. Typically high alcohol.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Coonawarra GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Moderated by cloud cover and winds
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential. Herbal (mint),
blackcurrant and smoke/cedar.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Australia - South Western Australia -
Margaret River GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes. Consistently high-quality wines.
Wine Notes: Typically blended with Merlot for high-quality wines. Ripe black fruit
flavors with sublt oak.
Grenache / Grenacha Wine
Red - Still
Thin skinned. Typically used in a blend (including Roses). High alcohol.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Wine Notes: Red fruit and spice flavors. Long aging potential. Sometimes blended
with Shiraz.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
McLaren Vale GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Wine Notes: Red fruit and spice flavors. Long aging potential. Sometimes blended
with Shiraz.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Australia - South Western Australia -
Margaret River GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes. Consistently high-quality wines.
Wine Notes: Typically blended with Cabernet Sauvignon for high-quality wines.
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Adelaide Hills GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude. Sauvignon Blanc widely planted.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Mornington Peninsula GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Could be light and fragrant to cooked red-fruit flavors and medium
tannins.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Could be light and fragrant to cooked red-fruit flavors and medium
tannins.
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
Australia -
South Eastern Australia
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: High volume brands simply labeled "South Eastern Australia".
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Wine Notes: Full body, high tannin, cooked black fruit (blackberry, black cherry),
black pepper, and oak/vanilla.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Hunter Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Hot summers, but sea breezes. Wines often made in inert vessels and
bottled young.
Wine Notes: Medium body, medium-to-high tannin, fresh black fruit, soft earthy,
spicy flavors. Can age.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
Australia -
South Eastern Australia
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: High volume brands simply labeled "South Eastern Australia". Sometimes
blended to gain balance.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Adelaide Hills GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude. Sauvignon Blanc widely planted.
Wine Notes: Flavors of ripe stone fruit (peach) and sometimes tropical fruit
(pineapple, banana). Typically medium-to-high acidity and careful use of
oak.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Coonawarra GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Moderated by cloud cover and winds
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Flavors of ripe stone fruit (peach) and sometimes tropical fruit
(pineapple, banana). Typically medium-to-high acidity and careful use of
oak.
Australia - South Western Australia -
Margaret River GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes. Consistently high-quality wines.
Wine Notes: High quality with medium-to-full body and rope stone fruit (peach) and
tropical fruit (pineapple) flavors.
Pinot Grigio Wine (Italy)
White - Still
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Pinot Gris Wine (France)
White - Still
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Adelaide Hills GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude. Sauvignon Blanc widely planted.
Riesling Wine
White - Still
Australia -
South Eastern Australia
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: Dry with pronounced aromas of lemon/lime and sometimes petrol.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Clare Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Higher altitude, so cooler
Wine Notes: Very dry and refreshing with high acidity. Lime notes.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Eden Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Higher altitude, so cooler
Wine Notes: Very dry and refreshing with high acidity. Lime notes.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Adelaide Hills GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude. Sauvignon Blanc widely planted.
Wine Notes: Light to medium body. Fresh and fruity with flavors from citrus to
tropical fruits. Some blending with Semillon.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Australia - South Western Australia -
Margaret River GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes. Consistently high-quality wines.
Wine Notes: Often blended with Semillon and some oak. Concentrated herbaceous
(grass) aromas.
Semillon Wine
White - Still
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Wine Notes: Full bodied with oak.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Hunter Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Hot summers, but sea breezes. Wines often made in inert vessels and
bottled young.
Wine Notes: Dry, light body, low alcohol. Inert vessels and bottled young.
Austria
Wine Name
Regions
Blaufränkisch Wine
Red - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Wine Notes: Oak aging is common
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
St. Laurent Wine
Red - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Zweigelt Wine
Red - Still
Deep red colors
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Wine Notes: Dry
Grüner Veltliner Wine
White - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Wine Notes: Dry
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Kamptal DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Kremstal DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Wachau DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Wine Notes: Dry
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Weinviertel DAC
Region Notes: Austria's first DAC. Only Grüner Veltliner grown here.
Wine Notes: Klassic are light, fresh and fruity. Reserve are fuller, riper flavors,
higher alcohol and oaked.
Pinot Blanc Wine
White - Still
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Wine Notes: Dry
Riesling Wine
White - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Wine Notes: Dry, medium-to-full body. Ripe, peachy flavories.
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Kamptal DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Kremstal DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Wachau DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Wine Notes: Dry
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Welschriesling Wine
White - Still
Limited O2 contact.
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Wine Notes: Dry and unusually fresh but simple. High acidity with flavors of citurs
and green apple.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Wine Notes: Can be dry, but mostly used for sweet wines
Austria - Burgenland PDO -
Ruster Ausbruch DAC
Region Notes: Well known for its sweet wines from near Neusidlerse Lake
Wine Notes: Sweet
Chile
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
Chile
Region Climate(s): Warm
Chile -
Central Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude.
Wine Notes: Sometimes blended with Merlot or Carmenere. Herbal (mint) and green
pepper with black fruit and oak.
Chile - Central Valley GI -
Colchagua Valley PDO
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude
Chile - Central Valley GI -
Maipo Valley PDO
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude
Chile - Central Valley GI - Maipo Valley PDO -
Alto Maipo
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Located in the foothills of the Andes.
Wine Notes: Bold and elegant.
Carmenere Wine
Red - Still
Chile
Region Climate(s): Warm
Chile -
Central Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude.
Wine Notes: Sometimes blended with Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. Often oaked.
Chile - Central Valley GI - Maipo Valley PDO -
Central Maipo
Region Climate(s): Warm
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
Chile -
Central Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude.
Wine Notes: Soft, medium body, high-volume brands meant for immediate drinking.
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
Chile -
Casablanca Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes as well as morning fog.
Wine Notes: Red fruit flavors and somteimes herbal notes. Usually expensive.
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
Chile -
Casablanca Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes as well as morning fog.
Wine Notes: Citrus (lemon) and stone fruit (peach). Some oak.
Chile -
Central Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude.
Wine Notes: Produces both high-volume wines and outstanding quality wines.
Pinot Grigio Wine (Italy)
White - Still
Chile - Central Valley GI - Maipo Valley PDO -
Alto Maipo
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Located in the foothills of the Andes.
Wine Notes: High quality. Dry.
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
Chile -
Casablanca Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes as well as morning fog.
Wine Notes: Can produce good quality wines.
Chile -
Central Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude.
Wine Notes: Produces inexpensive, high-volume brands.
Chile - Central Valley GI - Maipo Valley PDO -
Pacific Maipo
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: One of the oldest winemaking areas in Chile
France - Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
France -
Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Dry and sunny. Known for its white wines. Malolactic conversion usually
skipped. Very close and very similar to Pfalz, Germany.
Wine Notes: Lack body and concentration.
Gewurztraminer Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol, complex and flavorful.
France -
Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Dry and sunny. Known for its white wines. Malolactic conversion usually
skipped. Very close and very similar to Pfalz, Germany.
Wine Notes: High quality wines, espeically the Grand Crus. Full body, low-to-medium
acidity, high alcohol. Oily textrue.
Moscato (Muscat) Wine
White - Still
France -
Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Dry and sunny. Known for its white wines. Malolactic conversion usually
skipped. Very close and very similar to Pfalz, Germany.
Wine Notes: Intensly aromatic. Orange Blossom, rose, and grape. Light-to-medium body
and low-to-medium acidity.
Pinot Gris Wine (France)
White - Still
France -
Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Dry and sunny. Known for its white wines. Malolactic conversion usually
skipped. Very close and very similar to Pfalz, Germany.
Wine Notes: Dry-to-medium sweetness. Medium-to-full body with oily texture. Peach,
mango, and/or dried fruit flavors with a hint of honey or ginger.
Riesling Wine
White - Still
France -
Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Dry and sunny. Known for its white wines. Malolactic conversion usually
skipped. Very close and very similar to Pfalz, Germany.
Wine Notes: Dry and medium bodied with high acid. Pronouned aromas and flavors of
citrus and stone fruits. Sometimes late harvest or botrytised sweet
wines.
France - Beaujolais AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Beaujolais Wine
Red - Still
Typically drunk young
France -
Beaujolais AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Just south of Burgundy.
Beaujolais Nouveau often use carbonic maceration and should be drunk
early.
Wine Notes: Light-to-medium body, low-to-medium tannins. Red fruit flavors. Cru
appelations will have red cherry, raspberry, red plum. Some spice from
carbonic maceration. Should be lightly chilled.
France - Beaujolais AOC -
Brouilly AOC
Wine Notes: Lighter, more perfumed.
France - Beaujolais AOC -
Fieurie AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Lighter, more perfumed.
France - Beaujolais AOC -
Morgon AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Can age.
France - Beaujolais AOC -
Moulin-à-Vent AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Can age.
France - Bordeaux AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Bourdeaux Wine
Red - Still
This is a mostly Merlot blend with Cab. Sauv. and others. Typically from the Right Bank of Bourdeaux, France.
France - Bordeaux AOC -
Côtes de Bordeaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: A group of smaller AOCs that share one bigger AOC.
Wine Notes: Merlot based meant for early drinking
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Margaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Cabernet Sauvignon dominate with black currant and cedar flavors.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Pauillac AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Cabernet Sauvignon dominate with black currant and cedar flavors.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Saint-Estèphe AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Cabernet Sauvignon dominate with black currant and cedar flavors.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Saint-Julien AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Cabernet Sauvignon dominate with black currant and cedar flavors.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula -
Médoc (Bas-Médoc) AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Médoc (Bas-Médoc) AOC -
Listrac-Médoc (AOC)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Médoc (Bas-Médoc) AOC -
Moulis AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Cabernet Franc Wine
Red - Still
France - Bordeaux AOC - Right Bank -
Saint-Émilion AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Will have Cru and Grand Cru sub-appellations
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
France -
Bordeaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: High levels of rainfall. Here estates are called chateaux
France - Bordeaux AOC -
Left Bank
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: The relatively flat south bank of the Gironde River. The soil is stony
with gravel. Classically grows Cabernet Sauvignon.
Wine Notes: Often Cabernet Sauvignon dominated blends with Merlot.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Graves AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Pessac-Léognan AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Gravely soil
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula -
Haut-Médoc AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Soil has high stone/gravel content allowing it to drain well.
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Margaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Pauillac AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Saint-Julien AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
France -
Bordeaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: High levels of rainfall. Here estates are called chateaux
Wine Notes: Merlot dominated blends labelled Bordeaux AOC or Bordeaux Superieur AOC
France - Bordeaux AOC -
Right Bank
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: The hillier, north bank of the Dordogne River. Classically grows Merlot.
Wine Notes: Often Merlot dominated blends with Cabernet Sauvignon.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Right Bank -
Pomerol AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Often blended with Cabernet Sauvignon. Full body with pronounced flavors
of black fruit and oak. Very age worthy.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Right Bank -
Saint-Émilion AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Will have Cru and Grand Cru sub-appellations
Wine Notes: Often blended with Cabernet Sauvignon. Full body with pronounced flavors
of black fruit and oak. Very age worthy.
Bourdeaux Blanc Wine
White - Still
A dry blend from Bourdeaux
France - Bordeaux AOC -
Entre-Deux-Mers AOC
Region Notes: The fertile area between the Dordogne and Gironde Rivers. Known for dry,
white wines
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Graves AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: More concentrated and complex. Often blended with Semillon and oaked.
Sauternes Wine
White - Still
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Sauternes AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Sweet wines made with noble rot grapes and oak. They have pronounced
stone fruit and oak flavors. They can age for years to get complex
tertiary flavors.
Wine Notes: Sweet wine with very long aging potential
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
France -
Bordeaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: High levels of rainfall. Here estates are called chateaux
Wine Notes: Typically with aromas of grass and green apple. Single variety or blends
with Semillion.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Pessac-Léognan AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Gravely soil
Wine Notes: More concentrated and complex. Often blended with Semillon and oaked
giving a rounder body and spicy toast notes.
Semillon Wine
White - Still
France -
Bordeaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: High levels of rainfall. Here estates are called chateaux
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Pessac-Léognan AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Gravely soil
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Burgundy Wine (Red)
Red - Still
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Mâcon / Mâconnais AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: A bit warmer
Wine Notes: Light and fruity. Drink early
Gamay Wine
Red - Still
France -
Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Cool in the north, moderate further south. Significant vintage
variations.
Wine Notes: Early drinking wines with ripe berry fruit and low tannins
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
France -
Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Cool in the north, moderate further south. Significant vintage
variations.
Wine Notes: Red fruit flavors when young. Earth, game, and mushroom with age. Tend
to be high acid and low-to-medium tannins
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Côte Chalonnaise AOC
Region Notes: Higher altitude, cooler, making ripening difficult
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte Chalonnaise AOC -
Mercurey AOC
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Côte d'Or AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate
Region Notes: Well sloped and drained soil. Premier Cru higher up the slope and Grand
Cru even higher.
Wine Notes: Can range from delicate/floral to tannic/spicy.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC -
Côte de Beaune AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Known for their excellent Chardonnay wines. Best vineyards are labeled
Premier Cru or Grand Cru.
Wine Notes: Fruitier
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Aloxe-Corton AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Beaune AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Chassagne-Montrachet AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Meurasult AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Pommard AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Red wines only
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Pulligny-Montrachet AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Volnay AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Red wines only
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC -
Côte de Nuits AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Excellent Pinot Noir wines with long aging potential.
Wine Notes: Medium body, low tannins, high acidity, fresh red-fruit (raspberry,
strawberry) flavors. Typcially meant to be drunk young.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Gevrey-Chambertin AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Nuits-Saint-Georges AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Vosne-Romanée AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Grand Crus are some of the most expensive, sought after wines.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Vougeot (AOC)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Aligoté Wine
White - Still
Neutral wine
France -
Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Cool in the north, moderate further south. Significant vintage
variations.
Wine Notes: High acid, neutral wine.
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
France -
Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Cool in the north, moderate further south. Significant vintage
variations.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Chablis / Côte d'Auxerre AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Best vineyards are labeled Premier Cru or Grand Cru which are on
hillsides facing south/southwest.
Wine Notes: Lean, steely, Dry, light-to-medium body, high acidity. Green apple,
lemon and wet stone/slate. Oak flavors less common.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Côte Chalonnaise AOC
Region Notes: Higher altitude, cooler, making ripening difficult
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte Chalonnaise AOC -
Montagny AOC
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte Chalonnaise AOC -
Rully AOC
Region Notes: Mostly white wines.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Côte d'Or AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate
Region Notes: Well sloped and drained soil. Premier Cru higher up the slope and Grand
Cru even higher.
Wine Notes: High quality. Suble notes of stone fruit with creamy oak flavors.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC -
Côte de Beaune AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Known for their excellent Chardonnay wines. Best vineyards are labeled
Premier Cru or Grand Cru.
Wine Notes: Excellent Chardonnay wines. Dry, mediium-to-meidum+ body, med+-high
acidity. Ripe citris, mellon , stone fruit, cloves, honey, nuts,
mushrooms. Maloactic conversion, lees aging, barrel aging 6-9 months.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Aloxe-Corton AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Beaune AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Chassagne-Montrachet AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Meurasult AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: High complexity and medium body. Oaked with lees.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Pulligny-Montrachet AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: High complexity and medium body. Oaked with lees.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC -
Côte de Nuits AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Excellent Pinot Noir wines with long aging potential.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Gevrey-Chambertin AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Nuits-Saint-Georges AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Vosne-Romanée AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Grand Crus are some of the most expensive, sought after wines.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Vougeot (AOC)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Mâcon / Mâconnais AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: A bit warmer
Wine Notes: Ripe and rounded. Typically unoaked, lees contact, and malolactic
conversion. Simple fruity flavors of lemon, peach, and melon.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Mâcon / Mâconnais AOC -
Pouilly-Fuissé AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Steep slopes.
Wine Notes: Typically oaked with stone and tropical fruit flavors.
France - Champagne AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Champagne Wine
White - Sparkling
France -
Champagne AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool
Wine Notes: Low alcohol and high acidity.
France - Loire Valley IGP
Wine Name
Regions
Beaujolais Wine
Red - Still
Typically drunk young
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Anjou-Saymur
Region Climate(s): Cool Maritime
Region Notes: Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Fruity, early drinking wines.
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Touraine
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: A mixture of Maritime and Continental climate. Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Fruity, early drinking wines.
Cabernet Franc Wine
Red - Still
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Saumur-Champigny AOC
Wine Notes: Usually ligher bodied meant to drunk young. Can be served chilled.
Florial (violet) notes.
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Touraine
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: A mixture of Maritime and Continental climate. Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Light, fruity sytles or full body with barrel aging. Usually protected
from O2.
France - Loire Valley IGP - Touraine -
Bourgueil AOC
Region Notes: Sandy soil
Wine Notes: Light, fruity, aromatic meant for early drinking. Best examples can age
well
France - Loire Valley IGP - Touraine -
Chinon AOC
Wine Notes: Light, fruity meant for early drinking. Best examples can age well
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Central Vineyards
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Far inland along the Loire River. Well-drained, stony soil. Not much sun
here.
Wine Notes: Lighter style wines
France - Loire Valley IGP - Central Vineyards -
Menetou-Salon AOC
Cabernet Franc Rose Wine
Rosé - Still
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Anjou-Saymur
Region Climate(s): Cool Maritime
Region Notes: Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Branded Rose de Loire. Dry. Usually a blend of Cab. Franc and Cab. Sauv.
Other type of Still Rosé Wine
Rosé - Still
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Central Vineyards
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Far inland along the Loire River. Well-drained, stony soil. Not much sun
here.
Wine Notes: Lighter style. Made from Pinot Noir
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Touraine
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: A mixture of Maritime and Continental climate. Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Branded Rose de Loire. Dry. Usually a blend of Cab. Franc and Cab. Sauv.
Chenin Blanc Wine
White - Still
High acidity makes it good for aging.
France -
Loire Valley IGP
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Anjou AOC
Wine Notes: Dry, fruity, often aged in new oak
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Coteaux du Layon AOC
Region Notes: This valley is sheltered and noble rot develops well.
Wine Notes: Typically sweet (noble rot) with flavors of toast, honey, and hay. Age
worthy
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Saumur AOC
Region Notes: Known of it's sparkling win
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Savennières AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool Maritime
Region Notes: More sunny and warm.
Wine Notes: Fully bodied, usually dry. Good examples can age well.
France - Loire Valley IGP - Touraine -
Vouvray AOC
Region Notes: Only grows the Chenin Blanc grape.
Wine Notes: Typically unoaked. Drys have apple flavors. Off-dry and medium styles
are labeled Demi-Sec. Sweet styles have stone or tropical fruit aromas.
Can age.
Muscadet Wine
White - Still
France - Loire Valley IGP - Nantais -
Muscadet AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool Maritime
Region Notes: Simple fruity wines.
Wine Notes: Dry with medium alcohol. Usually fermented in large oak barrels. High
acidity, light body, and sublte green fruit flavors. Drink young.
France - Loire Valley IGP - Nantais -
Muscadet Sèvre Et Maine AOC
Region Notes: Simple fruity wines, sometimes on the lees.
Wine Notes: Dry with medium alcohol. Usually fermented in large oak barrels. High
acidity, light body, and sublte green fruit flavors. Drink young.
Other type of Sparkling White Wine
White - Sparkling
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Saumur AOC
Region Notes: Known of it's sparkling win
Wine Notes: Well known for its Chenin Blanc based sparkling wines using the
traditional method
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
France -
Loire Valley IGP
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Central Vineyards
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Far inland along the Loire River. Well-drained, stony soil. Not much sun
here.
Wine Notes: Medium body, medium alcohol, high acidity, pronounced green apple, green
pepper, grapefruit, wet stone flavors. Sometimes oak
France - Loire Valley IGP - Central Vineyards -
Menetou-Salon AOC
France - Loire Valley IGP - Central Vineyards -
Pouilly-Fumé AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Sauvignon Blanc is the only grape allowed.
Wine Notes: High acidity with green fruit (apple) and herbaceous (grass, asparagus)
aromas. Sometimes wet stone. Shows elegance and grace
France - Loire Valley IGP - Central Vineyards -
Sancerre AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Taylor Swift's favorite place. Sauvignon Blanc is the only grape
allowed.
Wine Notes: High acidity with green fruit (apple) and herbaceous (grass, asparagus)
aromas. Sometimes wet stone. Shows elegance and grace
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Touraine
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: A mixture of Maritime and Continental climate. Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Typically fruity and inexpensive.
France - Madiran AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Tannat Wine
Red - Still
France -
Madiran AOC
Wine Notes: Often blended with Cab. Sauv. or Cab. Franc
France - Rhône Valley
Wine Name
Regions
Grenache / Grenacha Wine
Red - Still
Thin skinned. Typically used in a blend (including Roses). High alcohol.
France - Rhône Valley -
Southern Rhône
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Valley flattens out and is more warm. Mild winters and dry summers.
Mostly stony soil. Due to the warmth, grapes ripen easily leading to
high tannins and alcohol.
Wine Notes: Often blended with Syrah and other local grapes. High-volume brands sold
as Cotes de Rhône AOC or Cotes de Rhône Villages AOC.
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Many vineyards use large stones to retain heat. It was the first AOC.
Wine Notes: Full body, high alcohol, age worthy.
Other type of Still Red Wine
Red - Still
France - Rhône Valley -
Côtes du Rhône AOC
Region Notes: A generic region for wine made from grapes from across the Rhône Valley
(usually the southern region).
They are simple, fruity and should be drunk young.
Wine Notes: Medium body, fruity, but simple
Red Blend Wine
Red - Still
A blend of various red grapes
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Côte-Rôtie AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: “Roasted slope” / Steep slopes. Only red wines.
Wine Notes: A Syrah/Viognier blend. Full body, spicy/floral aroma, with deep color.
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Many vineyards use large stones to retain heat. It was the first AOC.
Wine Notes: Mourvèdre blended with Granache to add a gamey, meaty quality.
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Gigondas AOC
Wine Notes: Grenache led blends, usually full body
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Lirac AOC
Wine Notes: Grenache led blends
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Vacqueyras AOC
Wine Notes: Grenache led blends, usually full body
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
France - Rhône Valley -
Northern Rhône
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Syrah. The Rhone is very narrow here, so vineyards are on
steep slopes.
Wine Notes: These can be expensive due to the difficulties in harvesting. Deep
color, med-to-high tannins, med-to-high acidity, black fruit flavors,
sometimes black pepper and floral aromas. Use of oak for secondary
flavors. Sometimes fermented with white grapes.
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Corneas AOC
Region Notes: Warmest region of the Northern Rhône
Wine Notes: Must be 100% Syrah. Deep color, full body
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Côte-Rôtie AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: “Roasted slope” / Steep slopes. Only red wines.
Wine Notes: Complex and peppery with berry flavors. Long aging potential. Fuller
body.
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Crozes-Hermitage AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Larger and flatter.
Wine Notes: Complex and peppery with berry flavors. Long aging potential. Fuller
body.
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Hermitage AOC
Region Notes: A single, south facing steep slope. A very small region with south
facing slopes.
Wine Notes: Intense and complex, full body. Often blended from grapes from different
lieux-dits (sites). Long maceration.
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Saint-Joseph AOC
Region Notes: Mostly Syrah and Syrah blends. A bit flatter, so grapes are less ripe
and less concentrated.
Wine Notes: Typically lighter using whole bunch techniques.
France - Rhône Valley -
Southern Rhône
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Valley flattens out and is more warm. Mild winters and dry summers.
Mostly stony soil. Due to the warmth, grapes ripen easily leading to
high tannins and alcohol.
Grenache / Grenacha Rose Wine
Rosé - Still
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Lirac AOC
Wine Notes: Fully body
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Tavel AOC
Region Notes: Rose wines only via short maceration method.
Wine Notes: Fuller body, deeper color, pronounced aromatics
Other type of Still Rosé Wine
Rosé - Still
France - Rhône Valley -
Côtes du Rhône AOC
Region Notes: A generic region for wine made from grapes from across the Rhône Valley
(usually the southern region).
They are simple, fruity and should be drunk young.
Wine Notes: Fruity
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Tavel AOC
Region Notes: Rose wines only via short maceration method.
Wine Notes: Fuller body, deeper color, pronounced aromatics
Other type of Still White Wine
White - Still
France - Rhône Valley -
Côtes du Rhône AOC
Region Notes: A generic region for wine made from grapes from across the Rhône Valley
(usually the southern region).
They are simple, fruity and should be drunk young.
Wine Notes: Fruity
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Lirac AOC
Vin doux naturel Wine
White - Fortified
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Beaumes de Venise AOC
Wine Notes: Made from Muscat grapes and the Mutage process
Viognier Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol
France - Rhône Valley -
Northern Rhône
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Syrah. The Rhone is very narrow here, so vineyards are on
steep slopes.
Wine Notes: Highly aromatic, full body, low acidity, high alcohol.
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Condrieu AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Only Voignier is grown here.
Wine Notes: Delicate floral aromas and light flavors from oak.
France - Southern France
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Wine Notes: Both single variety and blended with Merlot et al.
Grenache / Grenacha Wine
Red - Still
Thin skinned. Typically used in a blend (including Roses). High alcohol.
France - Southern France -
Cotes de Provence AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Somewhat hilly. Grows Grenache to make Rose wines via the direct press
method.
Wine Notes: Fresh and fruity to full body, barrel matured styles.
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
France - Southern France - Pays d'Oc IGP - Langeudoc AOC -
Minervois AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Higher altitude
Wine Notes: Red fruit flavors. Often blended with Syrah and local grapes.
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Wine Notes: Sometimes single variety, sometimes blended. Typically labelled Pays
d'Oc IGP.
Other type of Still Red Wine
Red - Still
France - Southern France -
Bandol AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Wine Notes: Dark (long maceration), fully body with powerful tannins. Made from
Mourvèdre grapes. Aging needed to bring to full potential. 18+ months in
oak. Liquorice, bramble, meat.
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Wine Notes: Often blended with other grapes (Frenache, Carignan, Cinsault). Single
varietals sold as Pays d'Oc IGP.
France - Southern France - Pays d'Oc IGP - Langeudoc AOC -
Minervois AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Higher altitude
Wine Notes: Often blended with other grapes.
Grenache / Grenacha Rose Wine
Rosé - Still
France - Southern France -
Cotes de Provence AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Somewhat hilly. Grows Grenache to make Rose wines via the direct press
method.
Wine Notes: Very pale, light-to-medium body, and dry. Delicate flavors of red
fruits.
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Wine Notes: High volume brands using oak chips/staves. Ripe, fruity flavors of
peach, pineapple, and banana.
Other type of Still White Wine
White - Still
France - Southern France -
Cotes de Provence AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Somewhat hilly. Grows Grenache to make Rose wines via the direct press
method.
Wine Notes: Clairette
Piquepoul Wine
White - Still
France - Southern France - Pays d'Oc IGP - Langeudoc AOC -
Picpoul de Pinet AOC
Region Notes: Known for refreshing white wines.
Wine Notes: Bright citrus fruit flavors with green applle. High acidity.
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Wine Notes: Dry, high acidity, tropical fruit and grass flavors.
Germany
Wine Name
Regions
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Known as Spätburgunder
Germany -
Baden IGP
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: The warmest region of Germany. Wines are more full bodied.
Germany -
Franken / Franconia
Region Notes: Known for its Silvaner wine.
Germany -
Rheingau PGI
Region Notes: Small, but prestigious. Steep, south-facing slopes. Protected from the
cold north winds by hills.
Wine Notes: Full bodied and higher quality.
Germany -
Rheinhessen IGP
Region Notes: Steeply sloped vineyards. Largely high volume wines.
Auslese Wine
White - Still
Grapes are extra-ripe, typically late harvest or noble rotten. Richer than Spätlese
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Ice Wine / Eiswein Wine
White - Still
Made from grapes that have been frozen on the vine and crushed while still frozen. Malolactic conversion / new oak typically avoided.
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Kabinett Wine
White - Still
The best styles are made by stopping fermentation early. Otherwise unfermented grape juice is added.
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Flavors of green apple and low alcohol
Müller-Thurgau Wine
White - Still
Typically a simple, fruity wine.
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Less popular these days
Other type of Sparkling White Wine
White - Sparkling
Germany -
Mosel PGI
Region Notes: Due to its northerly latitude, vineyards are on south-facing slopes.
Slopes are very steep with slate soils.
Wine Notes: During cool years, unripe grapes are used for sparkling wines.
Pinot Blanc Wine
White - Still
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Known as WeiBburgunder
Germany -
Franken / Franconia
Region Notes: Known for its Silvaner wine.
Pinot Gris Wine (France)
White - Still
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Known as Grauburgunder/Rulander
Riesling Wine
White - Still
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Often made from botrytised grapes.
Germany -
Mosel PGI
Region Notes: Due to its northerly latitude, vineyards are on south-facing slopes.
Slopes are very steep with slate soils.
Wine Notes: Lighter in body with medium sweetness which balances high acidity. Low
alcohol. Florial, green fruit flavors dominate.
Germany -
Nahe Valley PGI
Region Notes: Steep, south-facing slopes.
Wine Notes: Medium-minus body. High acidity and slightly riper fruit flavors due to
the warmth.
Germany -
Pfalz / Palatinate PGI
Region Notes: Sunny and dry due to mountains to the west. Very close and very similar
to Alsace, France. Can suffer from drought.
Wine Notes: Typically dry and medium bodied. Even riper grapes.
Germany -
Rheingau PGI
Region Notes: Small, but prestigious. Steep, south-facing slopes. Protected from the
cold north winds by hills.
Wine Notes: Typically dryer, higher alcohol, and medium to full body. Flavors of
peach.
Germany -
Rheinhessen IGP
Region Notes: Steeply sloped vineyards. Largely high volume wines.
Wine Notes: Full body
Silvaner Wine
White - Still
Germany -
Franken / Franconia
Region Notes: Known for its Silvaner wine.
Wine Notes: Dry and rich with an earthy quality. Bottled in flask shaped bottles.
Spätlese Wine
White - Still
The best styles are made by stopping fermentation early. Otherwise unfermented grape juice is added.
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Flavors of citrus and stone fruit (peach/apricot).
Greece
Wine Name
Regions
Agiorgitiko Wine
Red - Still
Potential for aging.
Greece -
Nemea PDO
Region Climate(s): Warm-to-Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: Wide range of altitudes.
Wine Notes: At lower altitudes, this will be jammy. At higher altitudes, higher
acidity and softer tannins. Middle altitudes are the sweet spot.
Xinomavro Wine
Red - Still
Medium ruby in color. Very similar to Nebbiolo. Great aging potential, but typically lack fruity flavors even when young.
Greece -
Naoussa PDO
Region Notes: Slightly higher altitude, so slightly cooler.
Wine Notes: Either macerated to extract colors, or not to make lighter.
Agiorgitiko Rose Wine
Rosé - Still
Greece -
Nemea PDO
Region Climate(s): Warm-to-Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: Wide range of altitudes.
Wine Notes: Produced from middle altitude grapes
Assyrtiko Wine
White - Still
Greece -
Santorini PDO
Region Notes: An island made from an ancient volcano. Very strong winds here, so they
protect the vines by a small basket shaped out of the permanent wood and
the grapes grow inside the basket.
Vinsanto Wine
White - Still
Grapes are late harvested and laid out to dry in the sun to concentrate sugars and flavors. Similar to Vin Santo from Italy.
Greece -
Santorini PDO
Region Notes: An island made from an ancient volcano. Very strong winds here, so they
protect the vines by a small basket shaped out of the permanent wood and
the grapes grow inside the basket.
Hungry
Wine Name
Regions
Furmint Wine
White - Still
Susceptible to noble rot
Hungry -
Tokaj GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Well known for its sweet wines, but also produces dry wines (typically
unoaked and protected from O2).
Wine Notes: Sometimes blended with local grapes varieties. Dried stone fruits,
citrus, oak and tertiary aromas.
Tokaji Aszú Wine
White - Still
The base wine is made with healthy grapes, but then macerated with with Aszú berries that were individually picked for their high level of noble rot. Sweetness rated on the 5-point Puttonyos scale. Furmmint often blended with other local grape varieties.
Hungry -
Tokaj GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Well known for its sweet wines, but also produces dry wines (typically
unoaked and protected from O2).
Wine Notes: Deep amber color with intense aromas of orange peel, apricots, and
honey.
Tokaji Eszencia "Nectar" Wine
White - Still
Made from free run juice from aszú berries. Sometimes taking years to ferment resulting in low alcohol. Very long aging potential.
Hungry -
Tokaj GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Well known for its sweet wines, but also produces dry wines (typically
unoaked and protected from O2).
Tokaji Szamorodni Wine
White - Still
Dry (szaraz) to sweet (edes) based on the level of noble rot on the bunches. Dry versions will have flor-like yeast with it in the casks. Sweet versions may or may not have much O2 contact during barrel aging.
Hungry -
Tokaj GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Well known for its sweet wines, but also produces dry wines (typically
unoaked and protected from O2).
Wine Notes: Made with grapes that are partially impacted by botrytis
Italy
Wine Name
Regions
Aglianico Wine
Red - Still
High alcohol
Italy - Southern Italy -
Basilicata Region
Region Notes: Extremely mountainous with high (900m) elevation.
Wine Notes: Cooler temps allow for concentrated flavors. Aglianico del Vulture DOC
are outstanding examples.
Italy - Southern Italy -
Campania Region
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Varied terrain: mountains, valleys, coastal plains.
Italy - Southern Italy - Campania Region -
Taurasi DOCG
Barbaresco (Nebbiolo) Wine
Red - Still
Wine made from the Nebbiolo grape in Barbaresco, Italy. Must be aged 26+ months. Good while young and can also age well. Typically high alcohol.
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Barbaresco DOCG
Region Notes: South facing slopes at lower altitudes. River Tanaro provides moderating
effects to slow ripening.
Wine Notes: Full body, pronounced flavors. High tannin and acidity. Long aging
potential.
Barbera Wine
Red - Still
Can be either youthful, fruity, and not oaked (protected fermentation). Or barrel-aged to give spicy flavors. Medium to deep color.
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Asti
Wine Notes: Red fruit and sometimes black pepper flavors.
Barolo (Nebbiolo) Wine
Red - Still
Wine made from the Nebbiolo grape in Barolo, Italy. Must be aged 38+ months.
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Barolo DOCG
Region Notes: Horseshoe shaped valley with steep slopes for vineyards. Poor hillside
soil results in excellent wines.
Wine Notes: Aromas of tar and roses. Known for their aging and being rich in tannin.
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region -
Coastal Plains
Region Notes: Cooled by sea breezes.
Wine Notes: Origionally dubed the "Super Tuscan"
Chianti Wine
Red - Still
Late ripening grape.
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region - Northern Mountainous Region -
Chianti DOCG
Region Notes: Covers a wide area of the Apennine Mountain foothills. Slightly warmer
than Chianti
Wine Notes: Varied quality. Simple, inexpensive, not intended for aging.
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region - Northern Mountainous Region - Chianti DOCG -
Chianti Classico DOCG
Region Notes: Technically not a sub-zone of Chianti DOCG. Sits at a higher altitude,
so slower ripening. Chianti Classicico DOCG Riserva will have tertiary
notes upon release.
Wine Notes: Medium body with pronounced red fruit aromas and dried herb notes. Often
oaked to soften tannins. Aged for 12+ (or 24+ for reserva) months (3+
months in the bottle)
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region - Southern Foothills and Valleys -
Brunello di Montaicino DOCG
Region Notes: Warm and sunny.
Wine Notes: Must be 100% Sangiovese. Powerful, full body with high tannin and
acidity. Heavily oaked (2+ years). Long aging potential.
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region - Southern Foothills and Valleys -
Vino Nobile de Montepuciano DOCG
Region Notes: Warm and sunny.
Wine Notes: Can be blended. Aged 2+ years. Intense and fuller bodied.
Dolcetto Wine
Red - Still
Often deep purple in color
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Alba
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region -
Coastal Plains
Region Notes: Cooled by sea breezes.
Italy - Northern Italy -
Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region
Region Notes: Cooled by northern mountain air as well as the Adriatic Sea. Produces a
number of Orange wines, too.
Wine Notes: Medium body, acidity, and tannins. Ripe red fruit flavors, wth some
spice from oak.
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Trentino DOC
Region Notes: Along the river flowing from the Alps. Vineyards are on the valley floor
as well as the slopes. Dry summers and low rainfall. Protected from the
cooling influences of Lake Garda by mountains.
Italy - Northern Italy -
Veneto Region / IGT
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm Continental
Region Notes: Varied terrain: foothills of the Alps in the north to flat plains near
the coast.
Montepulaciano Wine
Red - Still
Dark colors
Italy - Central Italy - Abruzzo Region -
Montepulciano d'Abruzzo DOC
Wine Notes: Medium acidity, high tannin with black fruit flavors (black plum, black
cherry). Mostly high-volume brands are simple and fuity, meant for early
drinking. Concentrated exmples see some oak.
Negroamaro Wine
Red - Still
High alcohol
Italy - Southern Italy -
Puglia Region
Region Climate(s): Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: Vines are historically bush trained low to the ground so the leaves
protect the grapes, but cordon training and trellising are used today.
The flat-lands east of the Apennines Mountains
Wine Notes: Grown at high yeilds for high volume wines. Though, some outstanding
examples can be found.
Italy - Southern Italy - Puglia Region -
Salice Salentino DOC
Wine Notes: But outstanding examples can come from Salice Salentino DOC
Nero d'Avola Wine
Red - Still
Italy - Southern Italy -
Sicily
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Vines are historically bush trained low to the ground so the leaves
protect the grapes, but cordon training and trellising are used today.
Typically grow for high-volume wines.
Wine Notes: Typically meant for early drinking, but outstanding examples are more
concentration and complex.
Primivito Wine (Italy)
Red - Still
Typically from Italy. All others are called Zinfandel. High alcohol
Italy - Southern Italy -
Puglia Region
Region Climate(s): Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: Vines are historically bush trained low to the ground so the leaves
protect the grapes, but cordon training and trellising are used today.
The flat-lands east of the Apennines Mountains
Wine Notes: Grown at high yeilds for high volume wines. Though, some outstanding
examples can be found.
Red Blend Wine
Red - Still
A blend of various red grapes
Italy - Central Italy - Marche Region -
Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC
Wine Notes: Known as Conero. This is a blend of Montepulciano and Sangiovese
Italy - Southern Italy - Sicily -
Etna DOC
Region Notes: Many old vines here at high altitudes.
Wine Notes: Blends made from Nerello Mascalese and Nerello Cappuccio. Pale
intensity, high acid, and flavors of sour cherries, cranberries,
rasperries, dried herbs.
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region -
Coastal Plains
Region Notes: Cooled by sea breezes.
Teroldego Wine
Red - Still
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Trentino DOC
Region Notes: Along the river flowing from the Alps. Vineyards are on the valley floor
as well as the slopes. Dry summers and low rainfall. Protected from the
cooling influences of Lake Garda by mountains.
Wine Notes: Deeply colored, and can age well
Trollinger / Schiava Wine
Red - Still
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Alto Adige DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Large diurnal range due to its altitude well into the Alps. Most
vineyards on south facing slopes.
Wine Notes: Light and fruity
Tuscan Red Wine
Red - Still
From the Tuscan region, but not Chianti
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region - Northern Mountainous Region -
Carmignano DOCG
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Valpolicella (Corvina) Wine
Red - Still
Appassimento sometimes used
Italy - Northern Italy -
Veneto Region / IGT
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm Continental
Region Notes: Varied terrain: foothills of the Alps in the north to flat plains near
the coast.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Valpolicella DOC
Region Notes: Has two districts:
1. North foothills with limestone/clay soil that is cool slowing
ripening.
2. Southern plains with sandy soil that aid ripening. These wines are
fruitier and should be drunk young.
Uses the passito method (drying grapes to concentrate flavors/sugars)
to make appassimento wine.
Also uses the ripasso method as a form of secondary skin fermentation.
Valpolicella DOC wines are made from grapes from anywhere in the
region.
Wine Notes: Basic wines use fresh, healthy grapes. Light body with simple, fruity
flavors. Rarely uses new oak. Sometimes blended with local varieties to
increase color and tannins.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT - Valpolicella DOC -
Amarona della Valpolicella DOCG
Wine Notes: Big and bold via the passito method. Dry to off-dry with full body, high
tannins, high alcohol. Pronounced flavors of fresh fruit (red cherry)
and dried fruit (prunes, raisins, figs). Sometimes age worthy.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT - Valpolicella DOC -
Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
Wine Notes: Fermentation stopped early. Sweet with intese red fruit flavors,
medium-to-high alcohol, full body, medium-to-high tannins.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT - Valpolicella DOC -
Valpolicella DOC Classico
Region Notes: The hillier heartland of the region.
Wine Notes: More body and complexity
White Zinfandel Wine
Rosé - Still
Usually low alcohol
Italy - Southern Italy -
Puglia Region
Region Climate(s): Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: Vines are historically bush trained low to the ground so the leaves
protect the grapes, but cordon training and trellising are used today.
The flat-lands east of the Apennines Mountains
Wine Notes: Soft, fruity, dry, red, high-volume brands. Top ones are good value for
the money.
Asti (Moscato) Wine
White - Sparkling
Modified tank fermentation
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Asti
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Alto Adige DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Large diurnal range due to its altitude well into the Alps. Most
vineyards on south facing slopes.
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Trentino DOC
Region Notes: Along the river flowing from the Alps. Vineyards are on the valley floor
as well as the slopes. Dry summers and low rainfall. Protected from the
cooling influences of Lake Garda by mountains.
Wine Notes: Medium body, medium acidity, ripe stone fruit flavors
Italy - Northern Italy -
Veneto Region / IGT
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm Continental
Region Notes: Varied terrain: foothills of the Alps in the north to flat plains near
the coast.
Fiano Wine
White - Still
Better young
Italy - Southern Italy - Campania Region -
Fiano di Avellino DOCG
Region Notes: Mountainous.
Wine Notes: Usually to be drunk young, but outstanding examples can age. Unoaked,
but lees contact.
Gavi (Cortese) Wine
White - Still
Pale in color. Typically made protectively with cool fermentation and lees contact.
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Gavi DOCG
Region Notes: Altitude and sea breezes give a long, slow ripening season.
Wine Notes: Light body, high acidity. Florial (orange blossom), green fruit (apple,
pear), and citrus (lemon) flavors. Typically uses protected fermentation
and meant to be drunk young, but outstanding examples can age.
Gewurztraminer Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol, complex and flavorful.
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Alto Adige DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Large diurnal range due to its altitude well into the Alps. Most
vineyards on south facing slopes.
Greco Bianco Wine
White - Still
Italy - Southern Italy - Campania Region -
Greco di Tufo DOCG
Wine Notes: Sometiems lees contact to add texture. Fruity wine meant to drink early.
Fermented in stainless steel. Outstanding examples can age
Other type of Sparkling White Wine
White - Sparkling
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Soave DOC
Region Notes: Has two districts:
1. North foothills with limestone/clay soil that is cool slowing
ripening. These wines can age.
2. Southern plains with sandy soil that aid ripening. These wines are
fruitier and should be drunk young.
Wines labeled Soave DOC can have grapes from anywhere in the region.
Wine Notes: Made from Garganega
Pinot Blanc Wine
White - Still
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Alto Adige DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Large diurnal range due to its altitude well into the Alps. Most
vineyards on south facing slopes.
Pinot Grigio Wine (Italy)
White - Still
Italy - Northern Italy -
Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region
Region Notes: Cooled by northern mountain air as well as the Adriatic Sea. Produces a
number of Orange wines, too.
Wine Notes: More complex and fuller bodied. High quality. Dry. Peachy and tropical
fruit flavors.
Italy - Northern Italy - Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region -
Friuli Grave DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: The flat plains to the south. Fruity, simple wines.
Wine Notes: Medium to full body.
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Alto Adige DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Large diurnal range due to its altitude well into the Alps. Most
vineyards on south facing slopes.
Wine Notes: Dry, light-to-medium body, high acidity. Citrus and green fruit flavors.
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Trentino DOC
Region Notes: Along the river flowing from the Alps. Vineyards are on the valley floor
as well as the slopes. Dry summers and low rainfall. Protected from the
cooling influences of Lake Garda by mountains.
Wine Notes: Medium body, medium acidity, ripe stone fruit flavors
Italy - Northern Italy -
Veneto Region / IGT
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm Continental
Region Notes: Varied terrain: foothills of the Alps in the north to flat plains near
the coast.
Wine Notes: Simple, unoaked, light body, short finish. Inexpensive, high-volume
brands.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Valdadige DOC
Prosecco Wine
White - Sparkling
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Prosecco DOC
Sauvignonasse Wine
White - Still
Italy - Northern Italy -
Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region
Region Notes: Cooled by northern mountain air as well as the Adriatic Sea. Produces a
number of Orange wines, too.
Soave (Garganega) Wine
White - Still
Typically drunk young
Italy - Northern Italy -
Veneto Region / IGT
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm Continental
Region Notes: Varied terrain: foothills of the Alps in the north to flat plains near
the coast.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Soave DOC
Region Notes: Has two districts:
1. North foothills with limestone/clay soil that is cool slowing
ripening. These wines can age.
2. Southern plains with sandy soil that aid ripening. These wines are
fruitier and should be drunk young.
Wines labeled Soave DOC can have grapes from anywhere in the region.
Wine Notes: Typically unoaked. To be drunk while young. Medium-to-high acidity,
medium body. Pears, red apple, stone fruit, and sometimes white pepper.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT - Soave DOC -
Recioto di Soave DOCG
Region Notes: Grapes harvested via appassimento
Wine Notes: Sweet wines made by appassimento.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT - Soave DOC -
Soave DOC Classico
Region Notes: This is the area in the foothills.
Wine Notes: Can have flavors of almonds and honey.
Verdicchio Wine
White - Still
Better young
Italy - Central Italy - Marche Region -
Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC
Wine Notes: Simple and fuity, though outstanding examples can age to Almond and
Honey flavors.
White Blend Wine
White - Still
A blend of various white grapes
Italy - Central Italy - Lazio Region -
Frascati DOC
Region Notes: Located in the hills south of Rome. Cooled by altitude and numerous
lakes.
Wine Notes: Known as Frascati. Blend of Trebbiano and Malvasia. Fresh and unoaked.
Medium body, medium-to-high acidity. Citrus, floral, and orange blossom
aromas.
Italy - Central Italy - Umbria Region -
Orvieto DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Wine Notes: Known as Orvieto, this is a blend of Grechetto and Trebbiano grapes.
Light body, medium-to-high acidity, flavors of grapefruit and peaches.
Cool fermented in stainless steel.
Italy - Southern Italy -
Sicily
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Vines are historically bush trained low to the ground so the leaves
protect the grapes, but cordon training and trellising are used today.
Typically grow for high-volume wines.
Wine Notes: Blended from local varities as well as Chardonnay
Italy - Southern Italy - Sicily -
Etna DOC
Region Notes: Many old vines here at high altitudes.
Wine Notes: High acidity with flavors of citrus fruit, honey, wax.
New Zealand
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
New Zealand - North Island -
Hawke's Bay GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Plentiful rainfall.
Wine Notes: Often blended with Merlot. Red and black fruit and herbaceous (green
pepper) flavors
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
New Zealand - North Island -
Hawke's Bay GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Plentiful rainfall.
Wine Notes: Could be Light and fruity or full bodied and long-lived. Sometimes
single variety or blended with Cabernet Sauvignon.
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
New Zealand
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate
New Zealand - North Island -
Martinborough GI
Region Climate(s): Cool
Wine Notes: Usually good and outstanding qualities.
New Zealand - South Island -
Central Otago GI
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Sunny days with cool nights. Mountains protected it from sea breezes and
rains.
Wine Notes: Typically oaked. Ripe and powerfully flavored. Red-fruit, medium-to-full
body, medium tannins.
New Zealand - South Island -
Marlborough GI
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Sunny with ocean breezes and plenty of rainfall. Known for its Sauvignon
Blancs.
Wine Notes: Produces good and outstanding qualities.
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
New Zealand - North Island -
Hawke's Bay GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Plentiful rainfall.
Wine Notes: Full body, balanced high acidity, stone fruit flavors.
New Zealand - South Island -
Marlborough GI
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Sunny with ocean breezes and plenty of rainfall. Known for its Sauvignon
Blancs.
Wine Notes: Good quality with ripe lemon, peach, and melon flavors. High acidity
and subtle oak.
Pinot Gris Wine (France)
White - Still
New Zealand
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate
Wine Notes: Viscous texture, medium acidity, fruit flavors.
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
New Zealand - South Island -
Marlborough GI
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Sunny with ocean breezes and plenty of rainfall. Known for its Sauvignon
Blancs.
Wine Notes: Made from grapes of varying ripeness blended. Fruit (grapefuit,
goosberry, elderflower, peach, passion fruit), green pepper, and
asparagus aromas.
Portugal
Wine Name
Regions
Alfrocheiro Preto Wine
Red - Still
Deeply colored
Portugal -
Bairrada DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Close to the Atlantic, it has rainy winters and warm summers. Rain at
harvest time can be a problem.
Portugal -
Dão DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Mountainous. Cold wet winters and warm dry summers. High daily diurnal
range.
Wine Notes: Delicate
Baga Wine
Red - Still
Portugal -
Bairrada DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Close to the Atlantic, it has rainy winters and warm summers. Rain at
harvest time can be a problem.
Wine Notes: Gentlier crushing, gentle cap management and maceration gives softer
wines
Mencía Wine
Red - Still
Known as Jaen in Portugal
Portugal -
Dão DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Mountainous. Cold wet winters and warm dry summers. High daily diurnal
range.
Wine Notes: Known as Jaen. Delicate
Other type of Still Red Wine
Red - Still
Portugal -
Douro DOC (Port)
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Ports. Stretches form the Marao Mountains (higher
elevation) to the border of Spain. Steep slopes; challenging to manage.
High rainfall.
Baixo Corgo - Closest to ocean, fresh and fruity wines
Cima Corgo - Best vineyards and wines
Douro Superior - Closest to Spain. Hottest.
Touriga Franca, Tinta Borroca
Wine Notes: Deeply colored, full body, high tannins, rich black fruit flavors
Portugal -
Vinho Verde DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: In the northwest with high annual rainfall requiring careful canopy
management. Modern techniques have moved away from pergola trellising to
spur-pruned VSP to create airflow.
"Vinhno Verde" -> Green Wine, meaning young and fresh.
Wine Notes: Deeply colored and tannic
Red Blend Wine
Red - Still
A blend of various red grapes
Portugal -
Alentejo DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: A large region in the south covering many sub-regions. Wet and cooler in
the north to hot and dry in the south.
Also, Trincadeira (drought resistant) and Alicante Bouschet.
Wine Notes: Deep color but soft tannins. Full body. Expressive ripe fruit flavors.
Touriga Nacional Wine
Red - Still
Intense colors
Portugal -
Bairrada DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Close to the Atlantic, it has rainy winters and warm summers. Rain at
harvest time can be a problem.
Portugal -
Dão DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Mountainous. Cold wet winters and warm dry summers. High daily diurnal
range.
Wine Notes: Delicate
Portugal -
Douro DOC (Port)
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Ports. Stretches form the Marao Mountains (higher
elevation) to the border of Spain. Steep slopes; challenging to manage.
High rainfall.
Baixo Corgo - Closest to ocean, fresh and fruity wines
Cima Corgo - Best vineyards and wines
Douro Superior - Closest to Spain. Hottest.
Touriga Franca, Tinta Borroca
Wine Notes: High tannins, intense color and flavors
Other type of Still Rosé Wine
Rosé - Still
Portugal -
Vinho Verde DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: In the northwest with high annual rainfall requiring careful canopy
management. Modern techniques have moved away from pergola trellising to
spur-pruned VSP to create airflow.
"Vinhno Verde" -> Green Wine, meaning young and fresh.
Wine Notes: Fresh, fruity
Albariño Wine
White - Still
Better young. Sometimes a bit of lees contact to add body and complexity.
Portugal -
Vinho Verde DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: In the northwest with high annual rainfall requiring careful canopy
management. Modern techniques have moved away from pergola trellising to
spur-pruned VSP to create airflow.
"Vinhno Verde" -> Green Wine, meaning young and fresh.
Wine Notes: Known as Vinho Verde Alvarinho. Riper and more tropical fruit aromas.
Other type of Still White Wine
White - Still
Portugal -
Alentejo DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: A large region in the south covering many sub-regions. Wet and cooler in
the north to hot and dry in the south.
Also, Trincadeira (drought resistant) and Alicante Bouschet.
Wine Notes: Made from Arinto, Antao Vaz, and Roupeiro. Fruity and floral. High
acidity.
Portugal -
Bairrada DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Close to the Atlantic, it has rainy winters and warm summers. Rain at
harvest time can be a problem.
Wine Notes: Made from local grapes Bical and Maria Gomes
Portugal -
Dão DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Mountainous. Cold wet winters and warm dry summers. High daily diurnal
range.
Wine Notes: Made from Encruzado. Balance of fruit and acidity and can age well.
Portugal -
Douro DOC (Port)
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Ports. Stretches form the Marao Mountains (higher
elevation) to the border of Spain. Steep slopes; challenging to manage.
High rainfall.
Baixo Corgo - Closest to ocean, fresh and fruity wines
Cima Corgo - Best vineyards and wines
Douro Superior - Closest to Spain. Hottest.
Touriga Franca, Tinta Borroca
Wine Notes: Fresh varietal fruit flavors and medium-to-high acidity.
Port Wine (White)
White - Fortified
Portugal -
Douro DOC (Port)
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Ports. Stretches form the Marao Mountains (higher
elevation) to the border of Spain. Steep slopes; challenging to manage.
High rainfall.
Baixo Corgo - Closest to ocean, fresh and fruity wines
Cima Corgo - Best vineyards and wines
Douro Superior - Closest to Spain. Hottest.
Touriga Franca, Tinta Borroca
White Vinho Verde Wine
White - Still
Pale lemon in color and low alcohol. Often with a spritz of carbon dioxide (pétillance)
Portugal -
Vinho Verde DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: In the northwest with high annual rainfall requiring careful canopy
management. Modern techniques have moved away from pergola trellising to
spur-pruned VSP to create airflow.
"Vinhno Verde" -> Green Wine, meaning young and fresh.
Wine Notes: Made from local white varieties include Loureiro and Arinto.
South Africa
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Stallenbosch District
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Mountainous
Wine Notes: Can be fresh and herbal or full bodied with cooked-fruit. Sometimes
blended with Merlot or Pinotage ("Cape Blend")
Cape Blend Wine
Red - Still
Local blend from South Africa
South Africa -
Western Cape
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Pinotage widely grown.
Wine Notes: A blend of Pinotage, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot grapes.
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
South Africa - Western Cape -
Stallenbosch District
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Mountainous
Wine Notes: Complex and age worthy similar to Bordeaux styles.
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Walker Bay District
Region Notes: Cooled by strong ocean breezes. Known for good quality Chardannay
Wine Notes: Vibrant red-fruit flavors. Often good and outstanding quality.
Pinotage Wine
Red - Still
South Africa -
Western Cape
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Pinotage widely grown.
Wine Notes: Medium-to-full body. Red and black fruit flavors.
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
South Africa -
Western Cape
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Pinotage widely grown.
Wine Notes: Mostly high-volume brands.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Walker Bay District
Region Notes: Cooled by strong ocean breezes. Known for good quality Chardannay
Wine Notes: Good quality with high acidity and rope stone fruit (peach), tropical
fruit (pineapple), and oak flavors.
Chenin Blanc Wine
White - Still
High acidity makes it good for aging.
South Africa -
Western Cape
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Pinotage widely grown.
Wine Notes: High acidity. Typically dry with flavors of peach, pineapple, and
sometimes vanilla from oak chips/staves.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Constanitia Ward
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by sea breezes.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Elgin Ward
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Stallenbosch District
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Mountainous
South Africa - Western Cape -
Walker Bay District
Region Notes: Cooled by strong ocean breezes. Known for good quality Chardannay
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
South Africa - Western Cape -
Constanitia Ward
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by sea breezes.
Wine Notes: Refreshing with ripe tropical fruit and herbaceous aromas.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Elgin Ward
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude.
Wine Notes: Green fruit (apple) and sometimes wet stone.
Spain
Wine Name
Regions
Grenache / Grenacha Wine
Red - Still
Thin skinned. Typically used in a blend (including Roses). High alcohol.
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Priorat DOCa
Region Notes: Summers are long, hot and dry. Large diurnal range. Best soils consist
of layers of red slate with particles of mica that reflect heat. Steep
slopes make hand harvesting and bush vine training needed.
Wine Notes: Full Body, Long aging potential. Typically blends with other grapes.
Dried fruit flavors.
Spain -
Sierra de Gredos Mountains
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Calatayud DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Located south the Ebro River.
Wine Notes: Old vines make high quality wines, but typically these are inexpnsive,
fruity, and to be drunk young.
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Cariñena DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Located south the Ebro River.
Wine Notes: Old vines make high quality wines, but typically these are inexpnsive,
fruity, and to be drunk young.
Mencía Wine
Red - Still
Known as Jaen in Portugal
Spain - North West / Galicia Region -
Bierzo DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Higher altitude protects it from the influences of the Atlantic
Wine Notes: Either unoaked to rain perfumed red fruit flavors or oaked to give
toasty aromas.
Monastrell / Mourvèdre Wine
Red - Still
Deeply colored, high alcohol
Spain - The Levante Region -
Jumilla and Yecla
Region Notes: Two regions near by each other. Hot and arid.
Wine Notes: Youthful and fruity with deep color and rich, ripe flavors
Spain - The Levante Region -
Valencia DO
Region Notes: Largely produces inexpensive wines.
Other type of Still Red Wine
Red - Still
Spain - Castilla-La Mancha Region -
La Mancha DOP
Region Notes: Vines are planted far apart and are bush trained so they don't steal
resources from neighboring vines.
"Vino de Pago" - Single estate with exceptional quality.
Wine Notes: Typically inexpensive, high-volume wine
Red Blend Wine
Red - Still
A blend of various red grapes
Spain - Castilla-La Mancha Region -
Valdepeñas DO
Wine Notes: Tempranillo domonate blends.Youthful, fruity, and mid-priced.
Spain -
Catalunya Region
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Known for its Cava sparkling wines. Most vineyards are concentrated
along the coastal plain and the hills south of Barcelona.
Wine Notes: Catalunya DO Blends can be made from grapes from anywhere in the region
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Priorat DOCa
Region Notes: Summers are long, hot and dry. Large diurnal range. Best soils consist
of layers of red slate with particles of mica that reflect heat. Steep
slopes make hand harvesting and bush vine training needed.
Wine Notes: Known as Priorat. Usually a blend of Grenacha and Cariñena, though
sometimes other grapes, too. Aged in new French oak and have toasty,
concentrated black fruit flavors. French oak
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Calatayud DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Located south the Ebro River.
Wine Notes: Typically a blend of Grenacha and Cariñena
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Cariñena DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Located south the Ebro River.
Wine Notes: Typically a blend of Grenacha and Cariñena
Rioja Wine
Red - Still
Can be simple or complex. Sometimes blended with local varieties, too. Often vigorous cap management to extract flavor and color.
Spain -
Catalunya Region
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Known for its Cava sparkling wines. Most vineyards are concentrated
along the coastal plain and the hills south of Barcelona.
Wine Notes: Produces high-volume wine. Some simple, some powerful and oak aged.
Sometimes blended.
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Ribera del Duero DOP
Region Notes: Higher altitude (850m). Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters.
Warm days and cool nights allowing Tempranillo to ripen while retaining
acidity.
Long macerations and short aging in French and American oak
Wine Notes: Very full bodied with fresh black fruit flavors. Often 100% Tempranillo.
Can age for many years.
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Toro DOC
Region Notes: Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters. Sunny, warm days and cool
nights, results in high acidity, yet high sugar grapes.
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Navarra DOP
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Stretches from Rioja to the foothills of the Pyernees. Often cooler and
wetter than Rioja.
Wine Notes: Rioja style reds
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Rioja DOCa
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Protected from the ocean to the north and heat to the south by two
mountain ranges.
Wine Notes: Commonly blended. When blended with Grenache, drink young.
Spain - Upper Ebro Region - Rioja DOCa -
Rioja Alavesa
Region Notes: Lays west of Logrono on the north bank of the Ebro river in the
foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains. 500-800m in elevation. Chalky
soils
Wine Notes: The lightest style of Rioja wines
Spain - Upper Ebro Region - Rioja DOCa -
Rioja Alta
Region Notes: Lays west of Logrono on the soutb bank of the Ebro river. 500-800m in
elevation. Slightly warmer temperatures. Lots of rain.
Wine Notes: Typically more body and complexity than other Riojas in the region
Spain - Upper Ebro Region - Rioja DOCa -
Rioja Oriental
Region Notes: East of Logrono on the south bank of the Ebro River. Has a weaker
maritime climate and thus less rainfall and droughts
Tempranillo Wine
Red - Still
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Toro DOC
Region Notes: Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters. Sunny, warm days and cool
nights, results in high acidity, yet high sugar grapes.
Wine Notes: Full body, intense fruit flavors and high alcohol.
Cava Wine
Rosé - Sparkling
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Penedès DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm-to-Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: At the coast, it's hot and dry. Inland, it's warm. In the foothills
(500m-800m), it's moderate (cooler).
Grenache / Grenacha Rose Wine
Rosé - Still
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Ribera del Duero DOP
Region Notes: Higher altitude (850m). Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters.
Warm days and cool nights allowing Tempranillo to ripen while retaining
acidity.
Long macerations and short aging in French and American oak
Wine Notes: Dry
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Navarra DOP
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Stretches from Rioja to the foothills of the Pyernees. Often cooler and
wetter than Rioja.
Wine Notes: Made protectively. Fresh and fruity with medium levels of alcohol. Drink
early
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Rioja DOCa
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Protected from the ocean to the north and heat to the south by two
mountain ranges.
Other type of Still Rosé Wine
Rosé - Still
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Toro DOC
Region Notes: Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters. Sunny, warm days and cool
nights, results in high acidity, yet high sugar grapes.
Wine Notes: Small quantities
Rosé Blend Wine
Rosé - Still
A blend of various red and/or white grapes
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Priorat DOCa
Region Notes: Summers are long, hot and dry. Large diurnal range. Best soils consist
of layers of red slate with particles of mica that reflect heat. Steep
slopes make hand harvesting and bush vine training needed.
Wine Notes: Known as Priorat Rose and are rare
Airén Wine
White - Still
Spain - Castilla-La Mancha Region -
La Mancha DOP
Region Notes: Vines are planted far apart and are bush trained so they don't steal
resources from neighboring vines.
"Vino de Pago" - Single estate with exceptional quality.
Wine Notes: Fresh, neutral wine
Spain - Castilla-La Mancha Region -
Valdepeñas DO
Wine Notes: Fruity to more concentrated and oak matured
Albariño Wine
White - Still
Better young. Sometimes a bit of lees contact to add body and complexity.
Spain - North West / Galicia Region -
Rías Baixas DOC
Region Notes: Very humid and damp; mild and rot are common. Vines are trained on
pergolas to facilitate air circulation.
Wine Notes: Refreshing and unoaked. High acidity with stone fruit flavors.
Cava Wine
White - Sparkling
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Penedès DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm-to-Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: At the coast, it's hot and dry. Inland, it's warm. In the foothills
(500m-800m), it's moderate (cooler).
Other type of Still White Wine
White - Still
Spain - Castilla-La Mancha Region -
La Mancha DOP
Region Notes: Vines are planted far apart and are bush trained so they don't steal
resources from neighboring vines.
"Vino de Pago" - Single estate with exceptional quality.
Wine Notes: Typically inexpensive, high-volume wine
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Toro DOC
Region Notes: Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters. Sunny, warm days and cool
nights, results in high acidity, yet high sugar grapes.
Wine Notes: Small quantities
Other Type of White Fortified Wine Wine
White - Fortified
Spain - The Levante Region -
Valencia DO
Region Notes: Largely produces inexpensive wines.
Wine Notes: Known as Moscatel del Valencia. Made with Muscat grape.
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Reuda DOC
Region Notes: Mainly white wines.
Sherry Wine
White - Fortified
Typically aged in the solera.
Spain -
Jerez-Xérès-Sherry DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Known for its Sherry wine
Sherry Wine (Pedro Ximénez (PX))
White - Fortified
Grapes concentrated by sun drying. Fortified and aged oxidatively in the solera.
Spain -
Jerez-Xérès-Sherry DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Known for its Sherry wine
Verdejo Wine
White - Still
When protected from oxygen, can be fresh. Can be simple and fruity or richer, barrel fermented styles.
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Reuda DOC
Region Notes: Mainly white wines.
White Blend Wine
White - Still
A blend of various white grapes
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Priorat DOCa
Region Notes: Summers are long, hot and dry. Large diurnal range. Best soils consist
of layers of red slate with particles of mica that reflect heat. Steep
slopes make hand harvesting and bush vine training needed.
Wine Notes: Known as Priorat White and are rare
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Reuda DOC
Region Notes: Mainly white wines.
Wine Notes: Must contain over 50% Verdejo
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Navarra DOP
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Stretches from Rioja to the foothills of the Pyernees. Often cooler and
wetter than Rioja.
Wine Notes: Small quantities made from Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, and/or Viura.
Made protectivly and meant to be drurnk young and fresh.
White Rioja Wine
White - Still
Traditionally, deliberately oxidized. Modern wines are protected from O2.
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Rioja DOCa
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Protected from the ocean to the north and heat to the south by two
mountain ranges.
Turkey
Wine Name
Regions
Öküzgözü Wine
Red - Still
Turkey -
Elazig Province
United States - California
Wine Name
Regions
Roussanne Wine (Skin-fermented)
Orange - Still
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
United States -
California
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: High volume brands simply labeled "California" use oak staves/chips.
Intended to be drunk young.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
United States - California -
Napa Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Sunny with a long growing season.
Wine Notes: Powerful wines with ripe black fruit flavors and high tannins.
United States - California - Napa Valley AVA -
Calistoga AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Very warm here.
Wine Notes: Full body
United States - California - Napa Valley AVA -
Oakville AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Well known for their Cabernet Sauvignon.
Wine Notes: Though sold as Cabernet Sauvignons, they sometimes have small amounts of
other grapes.
United States - California - Napa Valley AVA -
Rutherford AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Well known for their Cabernet Sauvignon.
Wine Notes: Though sold as Cabernet Sauvignons, they sometimes have small amounts of
other grapes.
United States - California -
Paso Robles AVA
United States - California -
Sanoma GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Powerful wines with ripe black fruit flavors and high tannins. Though
sold as Cabernet Sauvignons, they sometimes have small amounts of other
grapes.
United States - California - Sanoma GI -
Alexander Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Chianti Wine
Red - Still
Late ripening grape.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Grenache / Grenacha Wine
Red - Still
Thin skinned. Typically used in a blend (including Roses). High alcohol.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Malbec Wine
Red - Still
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
United States -
California
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: High volume brands simply labeled "California" use oak staves/chips.
Fruity with medium body.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
United States - California -
Napa Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Sunny with a long growing season.
Wine Notes: Full body with flavors of oak (vanilla, coconut, smoke) from new oak
barrels (sometimes staves/chips in high-volume brands)
United States - California -
Sanoma GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Full body with flavors of oak (vanilla, coconut, smoke) from new oak
barrels (sometimes staves/chips in high-volume brands)
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
United States -
California
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: Ripe red-fruit flavors, notable oak flavors, and possibly tertiary
flavors of florest floor & mushrooms.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
United States - California -
Los Carneros AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by morning fogs.
United States - California -
Sanoma GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
United States - California - Sanoma GI -
Russian River Valley AVA
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
United States - California -
Santa Barbara County GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
White Zinfandel Wine
Rosé - Still
Usually low alcohol
United States -
California
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: Roses are medium-sweet w/ simple red-fruit flavors. Reds are often
oaked. They have red & black fruit, dried fruit, and oak flavors. Dry
with med-to-high tannins, high acidity, and full body.
United States - California -
Napa Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Sunny with a long growing season.
United States - California -
Sanoma GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
United States - California - Sanoma GI -
Russian River Valley AVA
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
Albariño Wine
White - Still
Better young. Sometimes a bit of lees contact to add body and complexity.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
United States -
California
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: High volume brands simply labeled "California" use oak staves/chips.
Peach and pineapple flavors, medium acidity and body.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
United States - California -
Los Carneros AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by morning fogs.
United States - California -
Napa Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Sunny with a long growing season.
United States - California -
Sanoma GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
United States - California -
Santa Barbara County GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Tropical fruit flavors with high alcohol and pronounced (new) oak
flavors.
Gewurztraminer Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol, complex and flavorful.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Pinot Grigio Wine (Italy)
White - Still
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Riesling Wine
White - Still
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
United States - California -
Napa Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Sunny with a long growing season.
Wine Notes: Sometimes oaked.
Semillon Wine
White - Still
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Viognier Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
United States - Colorado
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Franc Wine
Red - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
Malbec Wine
Red - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Gewurztraminer Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol, complex and flavorful.
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Pinot Grigio Wine (Italy)
White - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Riesling Wine
White - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Semillon Wine
White - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Missouri
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Franc Wine
Red - Still
United States - Missouri -
Augusta AVA
Region Notes: First AVA in the US
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
United States - Missouri -
Augusta AVA
Region Notes: First AVA in the US
Chambourcin Wine
Red - Still
This is a red wine made from a white grape.
United States - Missouri -
Augusta AVA
Region Notes: First AVA in the US
United States - Missouri - Ozark Mountain AVA -
Hermann AVA
Norton Wine
Red - Still
United States - Missouri -
Augusta AVA
Region Notes: First AVA in the US
United States - Missouri - Ozark Mountain AVA -
Hermann AVA
United States - New York
Wine Name
Regions
Riesling Wine
White - Still
United States - New York -
Finger Lakes AVA
Wine Notes: Fruity and off-dry
United States - Oregon
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
United States - Oregon -
Southern Oregon AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
United States -
Oregon
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Best ones will have complex, fresh red-fruit flabors, subtle oak
flavors, and possibly tertiary flavors.
United States - Oregon -
Southern Oregon AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
United States - Oregon -
Willamette Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Similar climate to Bordeaux
Rioja Wine
Red - Still
Can be simple or complex. Sometimes blended with local varieties, too. Often vigorous cap management to extract flavor and color.
United States - Oregon -
Southern Oregon AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
United States - Oregon -
Southern Oregon AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
United States - Oregon -
Willamette Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Similar climate to Bordeaux
Pinot Gris Wine (France)
White - Still
United States - Oregon -
Southern Oregon AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Dry and rich
United States - Oregon -
Willamette Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Similar climate to Bordeaux
Wine Notes: Dry and rich
Riesling Wine
White - Still
United States - Oregon -
Willamette Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Similar climate to Bordeaux
United States - Virginia
Wine Name
Regions
Norton Wine
Red - Still
United States -
Virginia
United States - Washington
Wine Name
Regions
Riesling Wine
White - Still
United States -
Washington
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Typically dry.
Argentina
Wine Name
Regions
Malbec Wine
Red - Still
Argentina
Region Climate(s): Warm
Argentina -
Mendoza
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Very sunny and at elevation so cool nights.
Wine Notes: Maturation in new oak.
Australia
Wine Name
Regions
Barbaresco (Nebbiolo) Wine
Red - Still
Wine made from the Nebbiolo grape in Barbaresco, Italy. Must be aged 26+ months. Good while young and can also age well. Typically high alcohol.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Coonawarra GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Moderated by cloud cover and winds
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential. Herbal (mint),
blackcurrant and smoke/cedar.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Australia - South Western Australia -
Margaret River GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes. Consistently high-quality wines.
Wine Notes: Typically blended with Merlot for high-quality wines. Ripe black fruit
flavors with sublt oak.
Grenache / Grenacha Wine
Red - Still
Thin skinned. Typically used in a blend (including Roses). High alcohol.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Wine Notes: Red fruit and spice flavors. Long aging potential. Sometimes blended
with Shiraz.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
McLaren Vale GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Wine Notes: Red fruit and spice flavors. Long aging potential. Sometimes blended
with Shiraz.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Australia - South Western Australia -
Margaret River GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes. Consistently high-quality wines.
Wine Notes: Typically blended with Cabernet Sauvignon for high-quality wines.
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Adelaide Hills GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude. Sauvignon Blanc widely planted.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Mornington Peninsula GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Could be light and fragrant to cooked red-fruit flavors and medium
tannins.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Could be light and fragrant to cooked red-fruit flavors and medium
tannins.
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
Australia -
South Eastern Australia
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: High volume brands simply labeled "South Eastern Australia".
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Wine Notes: Full body, high tannin, cooked black fruit (blackberry, black cherry),
black pepper, and oak/vanilla.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Hunter Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Hot summers, but sea breezes. Wines often made in inert vessels and
bottled young.
Wine Notes: Medium body, medium-to-high tannin, fresh black fruit, soft earthy,
spicy flavors. Can age.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
Australia -
South Eastern Australia
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: High volume brands simply labeled "South Eastern Australia". Sometimes
blended to gain balance.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Adelaide Hills GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude. Sauvignon Blanc widely planted.
Wine Notes: Flavors of ripe stone fruit (peach) and sometimes tropical fruit
(pineapple, banana). Typically medium-to-high acidity and careful use of
oak.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Coonawarra GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Moderated by cloud cover and winds
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Flavors of ripe stone fruit (peach) and sometimes tropical fruit
(pineapple, banana). Typically medium-to-high acidity and careful use of
oak.
Australia - South Western Australia -
Margaret River GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes. Consistently high-quality wines.
Wine Notes: High quality with medium-to-full body and rope stone fruit (peach) and
tropical fruit (pineapple) flavors.
Pinot Grigio Wine (Italy)
White - Still
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Pinot Gris Wine (France)
White - Still
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Adelaide Hills GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude. Sauvignon Blanc widely planted.
Riesling Wine
White - Still
Australia -
South Eastern Australia
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: Dry with pronounced aromas of lemon/lime and sometimes petrol.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Clare Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Higher altitude, so cooler
Wine Notes: Very dry and refreshing with high acidity. Lime notes.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Eden Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Higher altitude, so cooler
Wine Notes: Very dry and refreshing with high acidity. Lime notes.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Adelaide Hills GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude. Sauvignon Blanc widely planted.
Wine Notes: Light to medium body. Fresh and fruity with flavors from citrus to
tropical fruits. Some blending with Semillon.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Yarra Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by Southern Ocean breezes
Australia - South Western Australia -
Margaret River GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes. Consistently high-quality wines.
Wine Notes: Often blended with Semillon and some oak. Concentrated herbaceous
(grass) aromas.
Semillon Wine
White - Still
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Borossa Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Known for its Shiraz
Wine Notes: Full bodied with oak.
Australia - South Eastern Australia -
Hunter Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Hot summers, but sea breezes. Wines often made in inert vessels and
bottled young.
Wine Notes: Dry, light body, low alcohol. Inert vessels and bottled young.
Austria
Wine Name
Regions
Blaufränkisch Wine
Red - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Wine Notes: Oak aging is common
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
St. Laurent Wine
Red - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Zweigelt Wine
Red - Still
Deep red colors
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Wine Notes: Dry
Grüner Veltliner Wine
White - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Wine Notes: Dry
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Kamptal DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Kremstal DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Wachau DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Wine Notes: Dry
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Weinviertel DAC
Region Notes: Austria's first DAC. Only Grüner Veltliner grown here.
Wine Notes: Klassic are light, fresh and fruity. Reserve are fuller, riper flavors,
higher alcohol and oaked.
Pinot Blanc Wine
White - Still
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Wine Notes: Dry
Riesling Wine
White - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Wine Notes: Dry, medium-to-full body. Ripe, peachy flavories.
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Kamptal DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Kremstal DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Austria - Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) PDO -
Wachau DAC
Region Notes: Known for high quality dry wines. Very steep, south facing slopes. Along
the north bank of the Danube River.
Wine Notes: Dry
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Welschriesling Wine
White - Still
Limited O2 contact.
Austria
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Short summers and harsh winters. Warmer in the east near Hungary.
Wine Notes: Dry and unusually fresh but simple. High acidity with flavors of citurs
and green apple.
Austria -
Burgenland PDO
Region Notes: Near Hungarian border. Known for sweet and red wines. Low lying areas
near Neusidler Lake get mist which promotes botyrtis
Wine Notes: Can be dry, but mostly used for sweet wines
Austria - Burgenland PDO -
Ruster Ausbruch DAC
Region Notes: Well known for its sweet wines from near Neusidlerse Lake
Wine Notes: Sweet
Chile
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
Chile
Region Climate(s): Warm
Chile -
Central Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude.
Wine Notes: Sometimes blended with Merlot or Carmenere. Herbal (mint) and green
pepper with black fruit and oak.
Chile - Central Valley GI -
Colchagua Valley PDO
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude
Chile - Central Valley GI -
Maipo Valley PDO
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude
Chile - Central Valley GI - Maipo Valley PDO -
Alto Maipo
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Located in the foothills of the Andes.
Wine Notes: Bold and elegant.
Carmenere Wine
Red - Still
Chile
Region Climate(s): Warm
Chile -
Central Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude.
Wine Notes: Sometimes blended with Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. Often oaked.
Chile - Central Valley GI - Maipo Valley PDO -
Central Maipo
Region Climate(s): Warm
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
Chile -
Central Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude.
Wine Notes: Soft, medium body, high-volume brands meant for immediate drinking.
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
Chile -
Casablanca Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes as well as morning fog.
Wine Notes: Red fruit flavors and somteimes herbal notes. Usually expensive.
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
Chile -
Casablanca Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes as well as morning fog.
Wine Notes: Citrus (lemon) and stone fruit (peach). Some oak.
Chile -
Central Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude.
Wine Notes: Produces both high-volume wines and outstanding quality wines.
Pinot Grigio Wine (Italy)
White - Still
Chile - Central Valley GI - Maipo Valley PDO -
Alto Maipo
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Located in the foothills of the Andes.
Wine Notes: High quality. Dry.
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
Chile -
Casablanca Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by ocean breezes as well as morning fog.
Wine Notes: Can produce good quality wines.
Chile -
Central Valley GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Warm and dry. At altitude.
Wine Notes: Produces inexpensive, high-volume brands.
Chile - Central Valley GI - Maipo Valley PDO -
Pacific Maipo
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: One of the oldest winemaking areas in Chile
France - Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
France -
Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Dry and sunny. Known for its white wines. Malolactic conversion usually
skipped. Very close and very similar to Pfalz, Germany.
Wine Notes: Lack body and concentration.
Gewurztraminer Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol, complex and flavorful.
France -
Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Dry and sunny. Known for its white wines. Malolactic conversion usually
skipped. Very close and very similar to Pfalz, Germany.
Wine Notes: High quality wines, espeically the Grand Crus. Full body, low-to-medium
acidity, high alcohol. Oily textrue.
Moscato (Muscat) Wine
White - Still
France -
Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Dry and sunny. Known for its white wines. Malolactic conversion usually
skipped. Very close and very similar to Pfalz, Germany.
Wine Notes: Intensly aromatic. Orange Blossom, rose, and grape. Light-to-medium body
and low-to-medium acidity.
Pinot Gris Wine (France)
White - Still
France -
Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Dry and sunny. Known for its white wines. Malolactic conversion usually
skipped. Very close and very similar to Pfalz, Germany.
Wine Notes: Dry-to-medium sweetness. Medium-to-full body with oily texture. Peach,
mango, and/or dried fruit flavors with a hint of honey or ginger.
Riesling Wine
White - Still
France -
Alsace (Alsatian) AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Dry and sunny. Known for its white wines. Malolactic conversion usually
skipped. Very close and very similar to Pfalz, Germany.
Wine Notes: Dry and medium bodied with high acid. Pronouned aromas and flavors of
citrus and stone fruits. Sometimes late harvest or botrytised sweet
wines.
France - Beaujolais AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Beaujolais Wine
Red - Still
Typically drunk young
France -
Beaujolais AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Just south of Burgundy.
Beaujolais Nouveau often use carbonic maceration and should be drunk
early.
Wine Notes: Light-to-medium body, low-to-medium tannins. Red fruit flavors. Cru
appelations will have red cherry, raspberry, red plum. Some spice from
carbonic maceration. Should be lightly chilled.
France - Beaujolais AOC -
Brouilly AOC
Wine Notes: Lighter, more perfumed.
France - Beaujolais AOC -
Fieurie AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Lighter, more perfumed.
France - Beaujolais AOC -
Morgon AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Can age.
France - Beaujolais AOC -
Moulin-à-Vent AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Can age.
France - Bordeaux AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Bourdeaux Wine
Red - Still
This is a mostly Merlot blend with Cab. Sauv. and others. Typically from the Right Bank of Bourdeaux, France.
France - Bordeaux AOC -
Côtes de Bordeaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: A group of smaller AOCs that share one bigger AOC.
Wine Notes: Merlot based meant for early drinking
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Margaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Cabernet Sauvignon dominate with black currant and cedar flavors.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Pauillac AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Cabernet Sauvignon dominate with black currant and cedar flavors.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Saint-Estèphe AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Cabernet Sauvignon dominate with black currant and cedar flavors.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Saint-Julien AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Cabernet Sauvignon dominate with black currant and cedar flavors.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula -
Médoc (Bas-Médoc) AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Médoc (Bas-Médoc) AOC -
Listrac-Médoc (AOC)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Médoc (Bas-Médoc) AOC -
Moulis AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Cabernet Franc Wine
Red - Still
France - Bordeaux AOC - Right Bank -
Saint-Émilion AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Will have Cru and Grand Cru sub-appellations
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
France -
Bordeaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: High levels of rainfall. Here estates are called chateaux
France - Bordeaux AOC -
Left Bank
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: The relatively flat south bank of the Gironde River. The soil is stony
with gravel. Classically grows Cabernet Sauvignon.
Wine Notes: Often Cabernet Sauvignon dominated blends with Merlot.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Graves AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Pessac-Léognan AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Gravely soil
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula -
Haut-Médoc AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Soil has high stone/gravel content allowing it to drain well.
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Margaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Pauillac AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Usually high quality with long aging potential.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Médoc Penninsula - Haut-Médoc AOC -
Saint-Julien AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
France -
Bordeaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: High levels of rainfall. Here estates are called chateaux
Wine Notes: Merlot dominated blends labelled Bordeaux AOC or Bordeaux Superieur AOC
France - Bordeaux AOC -
Right Bank
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: The hillier, north bank of the Dordogne River. Classically grows Merlot.
Wine Notes: Often Merlot dominated blends with Cabernet Sauvignon.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Right Bank -
Pomerol AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Often blended with Cabernet Sauvignon. Full body with pronounced flavors
of black fruit and oak. Very age worthy.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Right Bank -
Saint-Émilion AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Will have Cru and Grand Cru sub-appellations
Wine Notes: Often blended with Cabernet Sauvignon. Full body with pronounced flavors
of black fruit and oak. Very age worthy.
Bourdeaux Blanc Wine
White - Still
A dry blend from Bourdeaux
France - Bordeaux AOC -
Entre-Deux-Mers AOC
Region Notes: The fertile area between the Dordogne and Gironde Rivers. Known for dry,
white wines
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Graves AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: More concentrated and complex. Often blended with Semillon and oaked.
Sauternes Wine
White - Still
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Sauternes AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Sweet wines made with noble rot grapes and oak. They have pronounced
stone fruit and oak flavors. They can age for years to get complex
tertiary flavors.
Wine Notes: Sweet wine with very long aging potential
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
France -
Bordeaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: High levels of rainfall. Here estates are called chateaux
Wine Notes: Typically with aromas of grass and green apple. Single variety or blends
with Semillion.
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Pessac-Léognan AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Gravely soil
Wine Notes: More concentrated and complex. Often blended with Semillon and oaked
giving a rounder body and spicy toast notes.
Semillon Wine
White - Still
France -
Bordeaux AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: High levels of rainfall. Here estates are called chateaux
France - Bordeaux AOC - Left Bank - Graves -
Pessac-Léognan AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Gravely soil
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Burgundy Wine (Red)
Red - Still
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Mâcon / Mâconnais AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: A bit warmer
Wine Notes: Light and fruity. Drink early
Gamay Wine
Red - Still
France -
Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Cool in the north, moderate further south. Significant vintage
variations.
Wine Notes: Early drinking wines with ripe berry fruit and low tannins
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
France -
Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Cool in the north, moderate further south. Significant vintage
variations.
Wine Notes: Red fruit flavors when young. Earth, game, and mushroom with age. Tend
to be high acid and low-to-medium tannins
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Côte Chalonnaise AOC
Region Notes: Higher altitude, cooler, making ripening difficult
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte Chalonnaise AOC -
Mercurey AOC
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Côte d'Or AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate
Region Notes: Well sloped and drained soil. Premier Cru higher up the slope and Grand
Cru even higher.
Wine Notes: Can range from delicate/floral to tannic/spicy.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC -
Côte de Beaune AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Known for their excellent Chardonnay wines. Best vineyards are labeled
Premier Cru or Grand Cru.
Wine Notes: Fruitier
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Aloxe-Corton AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Beaune AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Chassagne-Montrachet AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Meurasult AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Pommard AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Red wines only
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Pulligny-Montrachet AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Volnay AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Red wines only
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC -
Côte de Nuits AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Excellent Pinot Noir wines with long aging potential.
Wine Notes: Medium body, low tannins, high acidity, fresh red-fruit (raspberry,
strawberry) flavors. Typcially meant to be drunk young.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Gevrey-Chambertin AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Nuits-Saint-Georges AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Vosne-Romanée AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Grand Crus are some of the most expensive, sought after wines.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Vougeot (AOC)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Aligoté Wine
White - Still
Neutral wine
France -
Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Cool in the north, moderate further south. Significant vintage
variations.
Wine Notes: High acid, neutral wine.
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
France -
Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Cool in the north, moderate further south. Significant vintage
variations.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Chablis / Côte d'Auxerre AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Best vineyards are labeled Premier Cru or Grand Cru which are on
hillsides facing south/southwest.
Wine Notes: Lean, steely, Dry, light-to-medium body, high acidity. Green apple,
lemon and wet stone/slate. Oak flavors less common.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Côte Chalonnaise AOC
Region Notes: Higher altitude, cooler, making ripening difficult
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte Chalonnaise AOC -
Montagny AOC
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte Chalonnaise AOC -
Rully AOC
Region Notes: Mostly white wines.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Côte d'Or AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate
Region Notes: Well sloped and drained soil. Premier Cru higher up the slope and Grand
Cru even higher.
Wine Notes: High quality. Suble notes of stone fruit with creamy oak flavors.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC -
Côte de Beaune AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Known for their excellent Chardonnay wines. Best vineyards are labeled
Premier Cru or Grand Cru.
Wine Notes: Excellent Chardonnay wines. Dry, mediium-to-meidum+ body, med+-high
acidity. Ripe citris, mellon , stone fruit, cloves, honey, nuts,
mushrooms. Maloactic conversion, lees aging, barrel aging 6-9 months.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Aloxe-Corton AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Beaune AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Chassagne-Montrachet AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Meurasult AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: High complexity and medium body. Oaked with lees.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Beaune AOC -
Pulligny-Montrachet AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: High complexity and medium body. Oaked with lees.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC -
Côte de Nuits AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Excellent Pinot Noir wines with long aging potential.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Gevrey-Chambertin AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Nuits-Saint-Georges AOC (Village)
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Vosne-Romanée AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Grand Crus are some of the most expensive, sought after wines.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Côte d'Or AOC - Côte de Nuits AOC -
Vougeot (AOC)
Region Climate(s): Moderate
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC -
Mâcon / Mâconnais AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: A bit warmer
Wine Notes: Ripe and rounded. Typically unoaked, lees contact, and malolactic
conversion. Simple fruity flavors of lemon, peach, and melon.
France - Burgundy/Bourgogne AOC - Mâcon / Mâconnais AOC -
Pouilly-Fuissé AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Steep slopes.
Wine Notes: Typically oaked with stone and tropical fruit flavors.
France - Champagne AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Champagne Wine
White - Sparkling
France -
Champagne AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool
Wine Notes: Low alcohol and high acidity.
France - Loire Valley IGP
Wine Name
Regions
Beaujolais Wine
Red - Still
Typically drunk young
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Anjou-Saymur
Region Climate(s): Cool Maritime
Region Notes: Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Fruity, early drinking wines.
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Touraine
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: A mixture of Maritime and Continental climate. Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Fruity, early drinking wines.
Cabernet Franc Wine
Red - Still
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Saumur-Champigny AOC
Wine Notes: Usually ligher bodied meant to drunk young. Can be served chilled.
Florial (violet) notes.
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Touraine
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: A mixture of Maritime and Continental climate. Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Light, fruity sytles or full body with barrel aging. Usually protected
from O2.
France - Loire Valley IGP - Touraine -
Bourgueil AOC
Region Notes: Sandy soil
Wine Notes: Light, fruity, aromatic meant for early drinking. Best examples can age
well
France - Loire Valley IGP - Touraine -
Chinon AOC
Wine Notes: Light, fruity meant for early drinking. Best examples can age well
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Central Vineyards
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Far inland along the Loire River. Well-drained, stony soil. Not much sun
here.
Wine Notes: Lighter style wines
France - Loire Valley IGP - Central Vineyards -
Menetou-Salon AOC
Cabernet Franc Rose Wine
Rosé - Still
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Anjou-Saymur
Region Climate(s): Cool Maritime
Region Notes: Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Branded Rose de Loire. Dry. Usually a blend of Cab. Franc and Cab. Sauv.
Other type of Still Rosé Wine
Rosé - Still
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Central Vineyards
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Far inland along the Loire River. Well-drained, stony soil. Not much sun
here.
Wine Notes: Lighter style. Made from Pinot Noir
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Touraine
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: A mixture of Maritime and Continental climate. Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Branded Rose de Loire. Dry. Usually a blend of Cab. Franc and Cab. Sauv.
Chenin Blanc Wine
White - Still
High acidity makes it good for aging.
France -
Loire Valley IGP
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Anjou AOC
Wine Notes: Dry, fruity, often aged in new oak
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Coteaux du Layon AOC
Region Notes: This valley is sheltered and noble rot develops well.
Wine Notes: Typically sweet (noble rot) with flavors of toast, honey, and hay. Age
worthy
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Saumur AOC
Region Notes: Known of it's sparkling win
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Savennières AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool Maritime
Region Notes: More sunny and warm.
Wine Notes: Fully bodied, usually dry. Good examples can age well.
France - Loire Valley IGP - Touraine -
Vouvray AOC
Region Notes: Only grows the Chenin Blanc grape.
Wine Notes: Typically unoaked. Drys have apple flavors. Off-dry and medium styles
are labeled Demi-Sec. Sweet styles have stone or tropical fruit aromas.
Can age.
Muscadet Wine
White - Still
France - Loire Valley IGP - Nantais -
Muscadet AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool Maritime
Region Notes: Simple fruity wines.
Wine Notes: Dry with medium alcohol. Usually fermented in large oak barrels. High
acidity, light body, and sublte green fruit flavors. Drink young.
France - Loire Valley IGP - Nantais -
Muscadet Sèvre Et Maine AOC
Region Notes: Simple fruity wines, sometimes on the lees.
Wine Notes: Dry with medium alcohol. Usually fermented in large oak barrels. High
acidity, light body, and sublte green fruit flavors. Drink young.
Other type of Sparkling White Wine
White - Sparkling
France - Loire Valley IGP - Anjou-Saymur -
Saumur AOC
Region Notes: Known of it's sparkling win
Wine Notes: Well known for its Chenin Blanc based sparkling wines using the
traditional method
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
France -
Loire Valley IGP
Region Climate(s): Cool
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Central Vineyards
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Far inland along the Loire River. Well-drained, stony soil. Not much sun
here.
Wine Notes: Medium body, medium alcohol, high acidity, pronounced green apple, green
pepper, grapefruit, wet stone flavors. Sometimes oak
France - Loire Valley IGP - Central Vineyards -
Menetou-Salon AOC
France - Loire Valley IGP - Central Vineyards -
Pouilly-Fumé AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Sauvignon Blanc is the only grape allowed.
Wine Notes: High acidity with green fruit (apple) and herbaceous (grass, asparagus)
aromas. Sometimes wet stone. Shows elegance and grace
France - Loire Valley IGP - Central Vineyards -
Sancerre AOC
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Taylor Swift's favorite place. Sauvignon Blanc is the only grape
allowed.
Wine Notes: High acidity with green fruit (apple) and herbaceous (grass, asparagus)
aromas. Sometimes wet stone. Shows elegance and grace
France - Loire Valley IGP -
Touraine
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: A mixture of Maritime and Continental climate. Less rain and humidity.
Wine Notes: Typically fruity and inexpensive.
France - Madiran AOC
Wine Name
Regions
Tannat Wine
Red - Still
France -
Madiran AOC
Wine Notes: Often blended with Cab. Sauv. or Cab. Franc
France - Rhône Valley
Wine Name
Regions
Grenache / Grenacha Wine
Red - Still
Thin skinned. Typically used in a blend (including Roses). High alcohol.
France - Rhône Valley -
Southern Rhône
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Valley flattens out and is more warm. Mild winters and dry summers.
Mostly stony soil. Due to the warmth, grapes ripen easily leading to
high tannins and alcohol.
Wine Notes: Often blended with Syrah and other local grapes. High-volume brands sold
as Cotes de Rhône AOC or Cotes de Rhône Villages AOC.
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Many vineyards use large stones to retain heat. It was the first AOC.
Wine Notes: Full body, high alcohol, age worthy.
Other type of Still Red Wine
Red - Still
France - Rhône Valley -
Côtes du Rhône AOC
Region Notes: A generic region for wine made from grapes from across the Rhône Valley
(usually the southern region).
They are simple, fruity and should be drunk young.
Wine Notes: Medium body, fruity, but simple
Red Blend Wine
Red - Still
A blend of various red grapes
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Côte-Rôtie AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: “Roasted slope” / Steep slopes. Only red wines.
Wine Notes: A Syrah/Viognier blend. Full body, spicy/floral aroma, with deep color.
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Many vineyards use large stones to retain heat. It was the first AOC.
Wine Notes: Mourvèdre blended with Granache to add a gamey, meaty quality.
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Gigondas AOC
Wine Notes: Grenache led blends, usually full body
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Lirac AOC
Wine Notes: Grenache led blends
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Vacqueyras AOC
Wine Notes: Grenache led blends, usually full body
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
France - Rhône Valley -
Northern Rhône
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Syrah. The Rhone is very narrow here, so vineyards are on
steep slopes.
Wine Notes: These can be expensive due to the difficulties in harvesting. Deep
color, med-to-high tannins, med-to-high acidity, black fruit flavors,
sometimes black pepper and floral aromas. Use of oak for secondary
flavors. Sometimes fermented with white grapes.
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Corneas AOC
Region Notes: Warmest region of the Northern Rhône
Wine Notes: Must be 100% Syrah. Deep color, full body
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Côte-Rôtie AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: “Roasted slope” / Steep slopes. Only red wines.
Wine Notes: Complex and peppery with berry flavors. Long aging potential. Fuller
body.
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Crozes-Hermitage AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Larger and flatter.
Wine Notes: Complex and peppery with berry flavors. Long aging potential. Fuller
body.
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Hermitage AOC
Region Notes: A single, south facing steep slope. A very small region with south
facing slopes.
Wine Notes: Intense and complex, full body. Often blended from grapes from different
lieux-dits (sites). Long maceration.
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Saint-Joseph AOC
Region Notes: Mostly Syrah and Syrah blends. A bit flatter, so grapes are less ripe
and less concentrated.
Wine Notes: Typically lighter using whole bunch techniques.
France - Rhône Valley -
Southern Rhône
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Valley flattens out and is more warm. Mild winters and dry summers.
Mostly stony soil. Due to the warmth, grapes ripen easily leading to
high tannins and alcohol.
Grenache / Grenacha Rose Wine
Rosé - Still
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Lirac AOC
Wine Notes: Fully body
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Tavel AOC
Region Notes: Rose wines only via short maceration method.
Wine Notes: Fuller body, deeper color, pronounced aromatics
Other type of Still Rosé Wine
Rosé - Still
France - Rhône Valley -
Côtes du Rhône AOC
Region Notes: A generic region for wine made from grapes from across the Rhône Valley
(usually the southern region).
They are simple, fruity and should be drunk young.
Wine Notes: Fruity
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Tavel AOC
Region Notes: Rose wines only via short maceration method.
Wine Notes: Fuller body, deeper color, pronounced aromatics
Other type of Still White Wine
White - Still
France - Rhône Valley -
Côtes du Rhône AOC
Region Notes: A generic region for wine made from grapes from across the Rhône Valley
(usually the southern region).
They are simple, fruity and should be drunk young.
Wine Notes: Fruity
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Lirac AOC
Vin doux naturel Wine
White - Fortified
France - Rhône Valley - Southern Rhône -
Beaumes de Venise AOC
Wine Notes: Made from Muscat grapes and the Mutage process
Viognier Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol
France - Rhône Valley -
Northern Rhône
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Syrah. The Rhone is very narrow here, so vineyards are on
steep slopes.
Wine Notes: Highly aromatic, full body, low acidity, high alcohol.
France - Rhône Valley - Northern Rhône -
Condrieu AOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Only Voignier is grown here.
Wine Notes: Delicate floral aromas and light flavors from oak.
France - Southern France
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Wine Notes: Both single variety and blended with Merlot et al.
Grenache / Grenacha Wine
Red - Still
Thin skinned. Typically used in a blend (including Roses). High alcohol.
France - Southern France -
Cotes de Provence AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Somewhat hilly. Grows Grenache to make Rose wines via the direct press
method.
Wine Notes: Fresh and fruity to full body, barrel matured styles.
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
France - Southern France - Pays d'Oc IGP - Langeudoc AOC -
Minervois AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Higher altitude
Wine Notes: Red fruit flavors. Often blended with Syrah and local grapes.
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Wine Notes: Sometimes single variety, sometimes blended. Typically labelled Pays
d'Oc IGP.
Other type of Still Red Wine
Red - Still
France - Southern France -
Bandol AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Wine Notes: Dark (long maceration), fully body with powerful tannins. Made from
Mourvèdre grapes. Aging needed to bring to full potential. 18+ months in
oak. Liquorice, bramble, meat.
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Wine Notes: Often blended with other grapes (Frenache, Carignan, Cinsault). Single
varietals sold as Pays d'Oc IGP.
France - Southern France - Pays d'Oc IGP - Langeudoc AOC -
Minervois AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Higher altitude
Wine Notes: Often blended with other grapes.
Grenache / Grenacha Rose Wine
Rosé - Still
France - Southern France -
Cotes de Provence AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Somewhat hilly. Grows Grenache to make Rose wines via the direct press
method.
Wine Notes: Very pale, light-to-medium body, and dry. Delicate flavors of red
fruits.
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Wine Notes: High volume brands using oak chips/staves. Ripe, fruity flavors of
peach, pineapple, and banana.
Other type of Still White Wine
White - Still
France - Southern France -
Cotes de Provence AOC
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Somewhat hilly. Grows Grenache to make Rose wines via the direct press
method.
Wine Notes: Clairette
Piquepoul Wine
White - Still
France - Southern France - Pays d'Oc IGP - Langeudoc AOC -
Picpoul de Pinet AOC
Region Notes: Known for refreshing white wines.
Wine Notes: Bright citrus fruit flavors with green applle. High acidity.
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
France - Southern France -
Pays d'Oc IGP
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Merlot widely planted. Sometimes called Langeudoc-Roussillon.
Wine Notes: Dry, high acidity, tropical fruit and grass flavors.
Germany
Wine Name
Regions
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Known as Spätburgunder
Germany -
Baden IGP
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: The warmest region of Germany. Wines are more full bodied.
Germany -
Franken / Franconia
Region Notes: Known for its Silvaner wine.
Germany -
Rheingau PGI
Region Notes: Small, but prestigious. Steep, south-facing slopes. Protected from the
cold north winds by hills.
Wine Notes: Full bodied and higher quality.
Germany -
Rheinhessen IGP
Region Notes: Steeply sloped vineyards. Largely high volume wines.
Auslese Wine
White - Still
Grapes are extra-ripe, typically late harvest or noble rotten. Richer than Spätlese
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Ice Wine / Eiswein Wine
White - Still
Made from grapes that have been frozen on the vine and crushed while still frozen. Malolactic conversion / new oak typically avoided.
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Kabinett Wine
White - Still
The best styles are made by stopping fermentation early. Otherwise unfermented grape juice is added.
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Flavors of green apple and low alcohol
Müller-Thurgau Wine
White - Still
Typically a simple, fruity wine.
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Less popular these days
Other type of Sparkling White Wine
White - Sparkling
Germany -
Mosel PGI
Region Notes: Due to its northerly latitude, vineyards are on south-facing slopes.
Slopes are very steep with slate soils.
Wine Notes: During cool years, unripe grapes are used for sparkling wines.
Pinot Blanc Wine
White - Still
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Known as WeiBburgunder
Germany -
Franken / Franconia
Region Notes: Known for its Silvaner wine.
Pinot Gris Wine (France)
White - Still
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Known as Grauburgunder/Rulander
Riesling Wine
White - Still
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Often made from botrytised grapes.
Germany -
Mosel PGI
Region Notes: Due to its northerly latitude, vineyards are on south-facing slopes.
Slopes are very steep with slate soils.
Wine Notes: Lighter in body with medium sweetness which balances high acidity. Low
alcohol. Florial, green fruit flavors dominate.
Germany -
Nahe Valley PGI
Region Notes: Steep, south-facing slopes.
Wine Notes: Medium-minus body. High acidity and slightly riper fruit flavors due to
the warmth.
Germany -
Pfalz / Palatinate PGI
Region Notes: Sunny and dry due to mountains to the west. Very close and very similar
to Alsace, France. Can suffer from drought.
Wine Notes: Typically dry and medium bodied. Even riper grapes.
Germany -
Rheingau PGI
Region Notes: Small, but prestigious. Steep, south-facing slopes. Protected from the
cold north winds by hills.
Wine Notes: Typically dryer, higher alcohol, and medium to full body. Flavors of
peach.
Germany -
Rheinhessen IGP
Region Notes: Steeply sloped vineyards. Largely high volume wines.
Wine Notes: Full body
Silvaner Wine
White - Still
Germany -
Franken / Franconia
Region Notes: Known for its Silvaner wine.
Wine Notes: Dry and rich with an earthy quality. Bottled in flask shaped bottles.
Spätlese Wine
White - Still
The best styles are made by stopping fermentation early. Otherwise unfermented grape juice is added.
Germany
Region Climate(s): Cool Continental
Region Notes: Generic German wine is known as Deutcher Wein. PGI German wine is known
as Landwein.
Wine Notes: Flavors of citrus and stone fruit (peach/apricot).
Greece
Wine Name
Regions
Agiorgitiko Wine
Red - Still
Potential for aging.
Greece -
Nemea PDO
Region Climate(s): Warm-to-Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: Wide range of altitudes.
Wine Notes: At lower altitudes, this will be jammy. At higher altitudes, higher
acidity and softer tannins. Middle altitudes are the sweet spot.
Xinomavro Wine
Red - Still
Medium ruby in color. Very similar to Nebbiolo. Great aging potential, but typically lack fruity flavors even when young.
Greece -
Naoussa PDO
Region Notes: Slightly higher altitude, so slightly cooler.
Wine Notes: Either macerated to extract colors, or not to make lighter.
Agiorgitiko Rose Wine
Rosé - Still
Greece -
Nemea PDO
Region Climate(s): Warm-to-Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: Wide range of altitudes.
Wine Notes: Produced from middle altitude grapes
Assyrtiko Wine
White - Still
Greece -
Santorini PDO
Region Notes: An island made from an ancient volcano. Very strong winds here, so they
protect the vines by a small basket shaped out of the permanent wood and
the grapes grow inside the basket.
Vinsanto Wine
White - Still
Grapes are late harvested and laid out to dry in the sun to concentrate sugars and flavors. Similar to Vin Santo from Italy.
Greece -
Santorini PDO
Region Notes: An island made from an ancient volcano. Very strong winds here, so they
protect the vines by a small basket shaped out of the permanent wood and
the grapes grow inside the basket.
Hungry
Wine Name
Regions
Furmint Wine
White - Still
Susceptible to noble rot
Hungry -
Tokaj GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Well known for its sweet wines, but also produces dry wines (typically
unoaked and protected from O2).
Wine Notes: Sometimes blended with local grapes varieties. Dried stone fruits,
citrus, oak and tertiary aromas.
Tokaji Aszú Wine
White - Still
The base wine is made with healthy grapes, but then macerated with with Aszú berries that were individually picked for their high level of noble rot. Sweetness rated on the 5-point Puttonyos scale. Furmmint often blended with other local grape varieties.
Hungry -
Tokaj GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Well known for its sweet wines, but also produces dry wines (typically
unoaked and protected from O2).
Wine Notes: Deep amber color with intense aromas of orange peel, apricots, and
honey.
Tokaji Eszencia "Nectar" Wine
White - Still
Made from free run juice from aszú berries. Sometimes taking years to ferment resulting in low alcohol. Very long aging potential.
Hungry -
Tokaj GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Well known for its sweet wines, but also produces dry wines (typically
unoaked and protected from O2).
Tokaji Szamorodni Wine
White - Still
Dry (szaraz) to sweet (edes) based on the level of noble rot on the bunches. Dry versions will have flor-like yeast with it in the casks. Sweet versions may or may not have much O2 contact during barrel aging.
Hungry -
Tokaj GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Well known for its sweet wines, but also produces dry wines (typically
unoaked and protected from O2).
Wine Notes: Made with grapes that are partially impacted by botrytis
Italy
Wine Name
Regions
Aglianico Wine
Red - Still
High alcohol
Italy - Southern Italy -
Basilicata Region
Region Notes: Extremely mountainous with high (900m) elevation.
Wine Notes: Cooler temps allow for concentrated flavors. Aglianico del Vulture DOC
are outstanding examples.
Italy - Southern Italy -
Campania Region
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Varied terrain: mountains, valleys, coastal plains.
Italy - Southern Italy - Campania Region -
Taurasi DOCG
Barbaresco (Nebbiolo) Wine
Red - Still
Wine made from the Nebbiolo grape in Barbaresco, Italy. Must be aged 26+ months. Good while young and can also age well. Typically high alcohol.
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Barbaresco DOCG
Region Notes: South facing slopes at lower altitudes. River Tanaro provides moderating
effects to slow ripening.
Wine Notes: Full body, pronounced flavors. High tannin and acidity. Long aging
potential.
Barbera Wine
Red - Still
Can be either youthful, fruity, and not oaked (protected fermentation). Or barrel-aged to give spicy flavors. Medium to deep color.
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Asti
Wine Notes: Red fruit and sometimes black pepper flavors.
Barolo (Nebbiolo) Wine
Red - Still
Wine made from the Nebbiolo grape in Barolo, Italy. Must be aged 38+ months.
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Barolo DOCG
Region Notes: Horseshoe shaped valley with steep slopes for vineyards. Poor hillside
soil results in excellent wines.
Wine Notes: Aromas of tar and roses. Known for their aging and being rich in tannin.
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region -
Coastal Plains
Region Notes: Cooled by sea breezes.
Wine Notes: Origionally dubed the "Super Tuscan"
Chianti Wine
Red - Still
Late ripening grape.
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region - Northern Mountainous Region -
Chianti DOCG
Region Notes: Covers a wide area of the Apennine Mountain foothills. Slightly warmer
than Chianti
Wine Notes: Varied quality. Simple, inexpensive, not intended for aging.
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region - Northern Mountainous Region - Chianti DOCG -
Chianti Classico DOCG
Region Notes: Technically not a sub-zone of Chianti DOCG. Sits at a higher altitude,
so slower ripening. Chianti Classicico DOCG Riserva will have tertiary
notes upon release.
Wine Notes: Medium body with pronounced red fruit aromas and dried herb notes. Often
oaked to soften tannins. Aged for 12+ (or 24+ for reserva) months (3+
months in the bottle)
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region - Southern Foothills and Valleys -
Brunello di Montaicino DOCG
Region Notes: Warm and sunny.
Wine Notes: Must be 100% Sangiovese. Powerful, full body with high tannin and
acidity. Heavily oaked (2+ years). Long aging potential.
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region - Southern Foothills and Valleys -
Vino Nobile de Montepuciano DOCG
Region Notes: Warm and sunny.
Wine Notes: Can be blended. Aged 2+ years. Intense and fuller bodied.
Dolcetto Wine
Red - Still
Often deep purple in color
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Alba
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region -
Coastal Plains
Region Notes: Cooled by sea breezes.
Italy - Northern Italy -
Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region
Region Notes: Cooled by northern mountain air as well as the Adriatic Sea. Produces a
number of Orange wines, too.
Wine Notes: Medium body, acidity, and tannins. Ripe red fruit flavors, wth some
spice from oak.
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Trentino DOC
Region Notes: Along the river flowing from the Alps. Vineyards are on the valley floor
as well as the slopes. Dry summers and low rainfall. Protected from the
cooling influences of Lake Garda by mountains.
Italy - Northern Italy -
Veneto Region / IGT
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm Continental
Region Notes: Varied terrain: foothills of the Alps in the north to flat plains near
the coast.
Montepulaciano Wine
Red - Still
Dark colors
Italy - Central Italy - Abruzzo Region -
Montepulciano d'Abruzzo DOC
Wine Notes: Medium acidity, high tannin with black fruit flavors (black plum, black
cherry). Mostly high-volume brands are simple and fuity, meant for early
drinking. Concentrated exmples see some oak.
Negroamaro Wine
Red - Still
High alcohol
Italy - Southern Italy -
Puglia Region
Region Climate(s): Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: Vines are historically bush trained low to the ground so the leaves
protect the grapes, but cordon training and trellising are used today.
The flat-lands east of the Apennines Mountains
Wine Notes: Grown at high yeilds for high volume wines. Though, some outstanding
examples can be found.
Italy - Southern Italy - Puglia Region -
Salice Salentino DOC
Wine Notes: But outstanding examples can come from Salice Salentino DOC
Nero d'Avola Wine
Red - Still
Italy - Southern Italy -
Sicily
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Vines are historically bush trained low to the ground so the leaves
protect the grapes, but cordon training and trellising are used today.
Typically grow for high-volume wines.
Wine Notes: Typically meant for early drinking, but outstanding examples are more
concentration and complex.
Primivito Wine (Italy)
Red - Still
Typically from Italy. All others are called Zinfandel. High alcohol
Italy - Southern Italy -
Puglia Region
Region Climate(s): Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: Vines are historically bush trained low to the ground so the leaves
protect the grapes, but cordon training and trellising are used today.
The flat-lands east of the Apennines Mountains
Wine Notes: Grown at high yeilds for high volume wines. Though, some outstanding
examples can be found.
Red Blend Wine
Red - Still
A blend of various red grapes
Italy - Central Italy - Marche Region -
Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC
Wine Notes: Known as Conero. This is a blend of Montepulciano and Sangiovese
Italy - Southern Italy - Sicily -
Etna DOC
Region Notes: Many old vines here at high altitudes.
Wine Notes: Blends made from Nerello Mascalese and Nerello Cappuccio. Pale
intensity, high acid, and flavors of sour cherries, cranberries,
rasperries, dried herbs.
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region -
Coastal Plains
Region Notes: Cooled by sea breezes.
Teroldego Wine
Red - Still
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Trentino DOC
Region Notes: Along the river flowing from the Alps. Vineyards are on the valley floor
as well as the slopes. Dry summers and low rainfall. Protected from the
cooling influences of Lake Garda by mountains.
Wine Notes: Deeply colored, and can age well
Trollinger / Schiava Wine
Red - Still
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Alto Adige DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Large diurnal range due to its altitude well into the Alps. Most
vineyards on south facing slopes.
Wine Notes: Light and fruity
Tuscan Red Wine
Red - Still
From the Tuscan region, but not Chianti
Italy - Central Italy - Tuscany Region - Northern Mountainous Region -
Carmignano DOCG
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Valpolicella (Corvina) Wine
Red - Still
Appassimento sometimes used
Italy - Northern Italy -
Veneto Region / IGT
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm Continental
Region Notes: Varied terrain: foothills of the Alps in the north to flat plains near
the coast.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Valpolicella DOC
Region Notes: Has two districts:
1. North foothills with limestone/clay soil that is cool slowing
ripening.
2. Southern plains with sandy soil that aid ripening. These wines are
fruitier and should be drunk young.
Uses the passito method (drying grapes to concentrate flavors/sugars)
to make appassimento wine.
Also uses the ripasso method as a form of secondary skin fermentation.
Valpolicella DOC wines are made from grapes from anywhere in the
region.
Wine Notes: Basic wines use fresh, healthy grapes. Light body with simple, fruity
flavors. Rarely uses new oak. Sometimes blended with local varieties to
increase color and tannins.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT - Valpolicella DOC -
Amarona della Valpolicella DOCG
Wine Notes: Big and bold via the passito method. Dry to off-dry with full body, high
tannins, high alcohol. Pronounced flavors of fresh fruit (red cherry)
and dried fruit (prunes, raisins, figs). Sometimes age worthy.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT - Valpolicella DOC -
Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
Wine Notes: Fermentation stopped early. Sweet with intese red fruit flavors,
medium-to-high alcohol, full body, medium-to-high tannins.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT - Valpolicella DOC -
Valpolicella DOC Classico
Region Notes: The hillier heartland of the region.
Wine Notes: More body and complexity
White Zinfandel Wine
Rosé - Still
Usually low alcohol
Italy - Southern Italy -
Puglia Region
Region Climate(s): Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: Vines are historically bush trained low to the ground so the leaves
protect the grapes, but cordon training and trellising are used today.
The flat-lands east of the Apennines Mountains
Wine Notes: Soft, fruity, dry, red, high-volume brands. Top ones are good value for
the money.
Asti (Moscato) Wine
White - Sparkling
Modified tank fermentation
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Asti
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Alto Adige DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Large diurnal range due to its altitude well into the Alps. Most
vineyards on south facing slopes.
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Trentino DOC
Region Notes: Along the river flowing from the Alps. Vineyards are on the valley floor
as well as the slopes. Dry summers and low rainfall. Protected from the
cooling influences of Lake Garda by mountains.
Wine Notes: Medium body, medium acidity, ripe stone fruit flavors
Italy - Northern Italy -
Veneto Region / IGT
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm Continental
Region Notes: Varied terrain: foothills of the Alps in the north to flat plains near
the coast.
Fiano Wine
White - Still
Better young
Italy - Southern Italy - Campania Region -
Fiano di Avellino DOCG
Region Notes: Mountainous.
Wine Notes: Usually to be drunk young, but outstanding examples can age. Unoaked,
but lees contact.
Gavi (Cortese) Wine
White - Still
Pale in color. Typically made protectively with cool fermentation and lees contact.
Italy - Northern Italy - Piemonte Region / IGT -
Gavi DOCG
Region Notes: Altitude and sea breezes give a long, slow ripening season.
Wine Notes: Light body, high acidity. Florial (orange blossom), green fruit (apple,
pear), and citrus (lemon) flavors. Typically uses protected fermentation
and meant to be drunk young, but outstanding examples can age.
Gewurztraminer Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol, complex and flavorful.
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Alto Adige DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Large diurnal range due to its altitude well into the Alps. Most
vineyards on south facing slopes.
Greco Bianco Wine
White - Still
Italy - Southern Italy - Campania Region -
Greco di Tufo DOCG
Wine Notes: Sometiems lees contact to add texture. Fruity wine meant to drink early.
Fermented in stainless steel. Outstanding examples can age
Other type of Sparkling White Wine
White - Sparkling
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Soave DOC
Region Notes: Has two districts:
1. North foothills with limestone/clay soil that is cool slowing
ripening. These wines can age.
2. Southern plains with sandy soil that aid ripening. These wines are
fruitier and should be drunk young.
Wines labeled Soave DOC can have grapes from anywhere in the region.
Wine Notes: Made from Garganega
Pinot Blanc Wine
White - Still
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Alto Adige DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Large diurnal range due to its altitude well into the Alps. Most
vineyards on south facing slopes.
Pinot Grigio Wine (Italy)
White - Still
Italy - Northern Italy -
Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region
Region Notes: Cooled by northern mountain air as well as the Adriatic Sea. Produces a
number of Orange wines, too.
Wine Notes: More complex and fuller bodied. High quality. Dry. Peachy and tropical
fruit flavors.
Italy - Northern Italy - Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region -
Friuli Grave DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: The flat plains to the south. Fruity, simple wines.
Wine Notes: Medium to full body.
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Alto Adige DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Large diurnal range due to its altitude well into the Alps. Most
vineyards on south facing slopes.
Wine Notes: Dry, light-to-medium body, high acidity. Citrus and green fruit flavors.
Italy - Northern Italy - Trentino-Alto Adige Region -
Trentino DOC
Region Notes: Along the river flowing from the Alps. Vineyards are on the valley floor
as well as the slopes. Dry summers and low rainfall. Protected from the
cooling influences of Lake Garda by mountains.
Wine Notes: Medium body, medium acidity, ripe stone fruit flavors
Italy - Northern Italy -
Veneto Region / IGT
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm Continental
Region Notes: Varied terrain: foothills of the Alps in the north to flat plains near
the coast.
Wine Notes: Simple, unoaked, light body, short finish. Inexpensive, high-volume
brands.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Valdadige DOC
Prosecco Wine
White - Sparkling
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Prosecco DOC
Sauvignonasse Wine
White - Still
Italy - Northern Italy -
Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region
Region Notes: Cooled by northern mountain air as well as the Adriatic Sea. Produces a
number of Orange wines, too.
Soave (Garganega) Wine
White - Still
Typically drunk young
Italy - Northern Italy -
Veneto Region / IGT
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm Continental
Region Notes: Varied terrain: foothills of the Alps in the north to flat plains near
the coast.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT -
Soave DOC
Region Notes: Has two districts:
1. North foothills with limestone/clay soil that is cool slowing
ripening. These wines can age.
2. Southern plains with sandy soil that aid ripening. These wines are
fruitier and should be drunk young.
Wines labeled Soave DOC can have grapes from anywhere in the region.
Wine Notes: Typically unoaked. To be drunk while young. Medium-to-high acidity,
medium body. Pears, red apple, stone fruit, and sometimes white pepper.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT - Soave DOC -
Recioto di Soave DOCG
Region Notes: Grapes harvested via appassimento
Wine Notes: Sweet wines made by appassimento.
Italy - Northern Italy - Veneto Region / IGT - Soave DOC -
Soave DOC Classico
Region Notes: This is the area in the foothills.
Wine Notes: Can have flavors of almonds and honey.
Verdicchio Wine
White - Still
Better young
Italy - Central Italy - Marche Region -
Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC
Wine Notes: Simple and fuity, though outstanding examples can age to Almond and
Honey flavors.
White Blend Wine
White - Still
A blend of various white grapes
Italy - Central Italy - Lazio Region -
Frascati DOC
Region Notes: Located in the hills south of Rome. Cooled by altitude and numerous
lakes.
Wine Notes: Known as Frascati. Blend of Trebbiano and Malvasia. Fresh and unoaked.
Medium body, medium-to-high acidity. Citrus, floral, and orange blossom
aromas.
Italy - Central Italy - Umbria Region -
Orvieto DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Wine Notes: Known as Orvieto, this is a blend of Grechetto and Trebbiano grapes.
Light body, medium-to-high acidity, flavors of grapefruit and peaches.
Cool fermented in stainless steel.
Italy - Southern Italy -
Sicily
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Vines are historically bush trained low to the ground so the leaves
protect the grapes, but cordon training and trellising are used today.
Typically grow for high-volume wines.
Wine Notes: Blended from local varities as well as Chardonnay
Italy - Southern Italy - Sicily -
Etna DOC
Region Notes: Many old vines here at high altitudes.
Wine Notes: High acidity with flavors of citrus fruit, honey, wax.
New Zealand
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
New Zealand - North Island -
Hawke's Bay GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Plentiful rainfall.
Wine Notes: Often blended with Merlot. Red and black fruit and herbaceous (green
pepper) flavors
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
New Zealand - North Island -
Hawke's Bay GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Plentiful rainfall.
Wine Notes: Could be Light and fruity or full bodied and long-lived. Sometimes
single variety or blended with Cabernet Sauvignon.
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
New Zealand
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate
New Zealand - North Island -
Martinborough GI
Region Climate(s): Cool
Wine Notes: Usually good and outstanding qualities.
New Zealand - South Island -
Central Otago GI
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Sunny days with cool nights. Mountains protected it from sea breezes and
rains.
Wine Notes: Typically oaked. Ripe and powerfully flavored. Red-fruit, medium-to-full
body, medium tannins.
New Zealand - South Island -
Marlborough GI
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Sunny with ocean breezes and plenty of rainfall. Known for its Sauvignon
Blancs.
Wine Notes: Produces good and outstanding qualities.
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
New Zealand - North Island -
Hawke's Bay GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Plentiful rainfall.
Wine Notes: Full body, balanced high acidity, stone fruit flavors.
New Zealand - South Island -
Marlborough GI
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Sunny with ocean breezes and plenty of rainfall. Known for its Sauvignon
Blancs.
Wine Notes: Good quality with ripe lemon, peach, and melon flavors. High acidity
and subtle oak.
Pinot Gris Wine (France)
White - Still
New Zealand
Region Climate(s): Cool-to-Moderate
Wine Notes: Viscous texture, medium acidity, fruit flavors.
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
New Zealand - South Island -
Marlborough GI
Region Climate(s): Cool
Region Notes: Sunny with ocean breezes and plenty of rainfall. Known for its Sauvignon
Blancs.
Wine Notes: Made from grapes of varying ripeness blended. Fruit (grapefuit,
goosberry, elderflower, peach, passion fruit), green pepper, and
asparagus aromas.
Portugal
Wine Name
Regions
Alfrocheiro Preto Wine
Red - Still
Deeply colored
Portugal -
Bairrada DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Close to the Atlantic, it has rainy winters and warm summers. Rain at
harvest time can be a problem.
Portugal -
Dão DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Mountainous. Cold wet winters and warm dry summers. High daily diurnal
range.
Wine Notes: Delicate
Baga Wine
Red - Still
Portugal -
Bairrada DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Close to the Atlantic, it has rainy winters and warm summers. Rain at
harvest time can be a problem.
Wine Notes: Gentlier crushing, gentle cap management and maceration gives softer
wines
Mencía Wine
Red - Still
Known as Jaen in Portugal
Portugal -
Dão DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Mountainous. Cold wet winters and warm dry summers. High daily diurnal
range.
Wine Notes: Known as Jaen. Delicate
Other type of Still Red Wine
Red - Still
Portugal -
Douro DOC (Port)
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Ports. Stretches form the Marao Mountains (higher
elevation) to the border of Spain. Steep slopes; challenging to manage.
High rainfall.
Baixo Corgo - Closest to ocean, fresh and fruity wines
Cima Corgo - Best vineyards and wines
Douro Superior - Closest to Spain. Hottest.
Touriga Franca, Tinta Borroca
Wine Notes: Deeply colored, full body, high tannins, rich black fruit flavors
Portugal -
Vinho Verde DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: In the northwest with high annual rainfall requiring careful canopy
management. Modern techniques have moved away from pergola trellising to
spur-pruned VSP to create airflow.
"Vinhno Verde" -> Green Wine, meaning young and fresh.
Wine Notes: Deeply colored and tannic
Red Blend Wine
Red - Still
A blend of various red grapes
Portugal -
Alentejo DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: A large region in the south covering many sub-regions. Wet and cooler in
the north to hot and dry in the south.
Also, Trincadeira (drought resistant) and Alicante Bouschet.
Wine Notes: Deep color but soft tannins. Full body. Expressive ripe fruit flavors.
Touriga Nacional Wine
Red - Still
Intense colors
Portugal -
Bairrada DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Close to the Atlantic, it has rainy winters and warm summers. Rain at
harvest time can be a problem.
Portugal -
Dão DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Mountainous. Cold wet winters and warm dry summers. High daily diurnal
range.
Wine Notes: Delicate
Portugal -
Douro DOC (Port)
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Ports. Stretches form the Marao Mountains (higher
elevation) to the border of Spain. Steep slopes; challenging to manage.
High rainfall.
Baixo Corgo - Closest to ocean, fresh and fruity wines
Cima Corgo - Best vineyards and wines
Douro Superior - Closest to Spain. Hottest.
Touriga Franca, Tinta Borroca
Wine Notes: High tannins, intense color and flavors
Other type of Still Rosé Wine
Rosé - Still
Portugal -
Vinho Verde DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: In the northwest with high annual rainfall requiring careful canopy
management. Modern techniques have moved away from pergola trellising to
spur-pruned VSP to create airflow.
"Vinhno Verde" -> Green Wine, meaning young and fresh.
Wine Notes: Fresh, fruity
Albariño Wine
White - Still
Better young. Sometimes a bit of lees contact to add body and complexity.
Portugal -
Vinho Verde DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: In the northwest with high annual rainfall requiring careful canopy
management. Modern techniques have moved away from pergola trellising to
spur-pruned VSP to create airflow.
"Vinhno Verde" -> Green Wine, meaning young and fresh.
Wine Notes: Known as Vinho Verde Alvarinho. Riper and more tropical fruit aromas.
Other type of Still White Wine
White - Still
Portugal -
Alentejo DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: A large region in the south covering many sub-regions. Wet and cooler in
the north to hot and dry in the south.
Also, Trincadeira (drought resistant) and Alicante Bouschet.
Wine Notes: Made from Arinto, Antao Vaz, and Roupeiro. Fruity and floral. High
acidity.
Portugal -
Bairrada DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Close to the Atlantic, it has rainy winters and warm summers. Rain at
harvest time can be a problem.
Wine Notes: Made from local grapes Bical and Maria Gomes
Portugal -
Dão DOC
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Mountainous. Cold wet winters and warm dry summers. High daily diurnal
range.
Wine Notes: Made from Encruzado. Balance of fruit and acidity and can age well.
Portugal -
Douro DOC (Port)
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Ports. Stretches form the Marao Mountains (higher
elevation) to the border of Spain. Steep slopes; challenging to manage.
High rainfall.
Baixo Corgo - Closest to ocean, fresh and fruity wines
Cima Corgo - Best vineyards and wines
Douro Superior - Closest to Spain. Hottest.
Touriga Franca, Tinta Borroca
Wine Notes: Fresh varietal fruit flavors and medium-to-high acidity.
Port Wine (White)
White - Fortified
Portugal -
Douro DOC (Port)
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Known for its Ports. Stretches form the Marao Mountains (higher
elevation) to the border of Spain. Steep slopes; challenging to manage.
High rainfall.
Baixo Corgo - Closest to ocean, fresh and fruity wines
Cima Corgo - Best vineyards and wines
Douro Superior - Closest to Spain. Hottest.
Touriga Franca, Tinta Borroca
White Vinho Verde Wine
White - Still
Pale lemon in color and low alcohol. Often with a spritz of carbon dioxide (pétillance)
Portugal -
Vinho Verde DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: In the northwest with high annual rainfall requiring careful canopy
management. Modern techniques have moved away from pergola trellising to
spur-pruned VSP to create airflow.
"Vinhno Verde" -> Green Wine, meaning young and fresh.
Wine Notes: Made from local white varieties include Loureiro and Arinto.
South Africa
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Stallenbosch District
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Mountainous
Wine Notes: Can be fresh and herbal or full bodied with cooked-fruit. Sometimes
blended with Merlot or Pinotage ("Cape Blend")
Cape Blend Wine
Red - Still
Local blend from South Africa
South Africa -
Western Cape
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Pinotage widely grown.
Wine Notes: A blend of Pinotage, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot grapes.
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
South Africa - Western Cape -
Stallenbosch District
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Mountainous
Wine Notes: Complex and age worthy similar to Bordeaux styles.
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Walker Bay District
Region Notes: Cooled by strong ocean breezes. Known for good quality Chardannay
Wine Notes: Vibrant red-fruit flavors. Often good and outstanding quality.
Pinotage Wine
Red - Still
South Africa -
Western Cape
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Pinotage widely grown.
Wine Notes: Medium-to-full body. Red and black fruit flavors.
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
South Africa -
Western Cape
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Pinotage widely grown.
Wine Notes: Mostly high-volume brands.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Walker Bay District
Region Notes: Cooled by strong ocean breezes. Known for good quality Chardannay
Wine Notes: Good quality with high acidity and rope stone fruit (peach), tropical
fruit (pineapple), and oak flavors.
Chenin Blanc Wine
White - Still
High acidity makes it good for aging.
South Africa -
Western Cape
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Pinotage widely grown.
Wine Notes: High acidity. Typically dry with flavors of peach, pineapple, and
sometimes vanilla from oak chips/staves.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Constanitia Ward
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by sea breezes.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Elgin Ward
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Stallenbosch District
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Mountainous
South Africa - Western Cape -
Walker Bay District
Region Notes: Cooled by strong ocean breezes. Known for good quality Chardannay
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
South Africa - Western Cape -
Constanitia Ward
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by sea breezes.
Wine Notes: Refreshing with ripe tropical fruit and herbaceous aromas.
South Africa - Western Cape -
Elgin Ward
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Region Notes: Cooled by altitude.
Wine Notes: Green fruit (apple) and sometimes wet stone.
Spain
Wine Name
Regions
Grenache / Grenacha Wine
Red - Still
Thin skinned. Typically used in a blend (including Roses). High alcohol.
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Priorat DOCa
Region Notes: Summers are long, hot and dry. Large diurnal range. Best soils consist
of layers of red slate with particles of mica that reflect heat. Steep
slopes make hand harvesting and bush vine training needed.
Wine Notes: Full Body, Long aging potential. Typically blends with other grapes.
Dried fruit flavors.
Spain -
Sierra de Gredos Mountains
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Calatayud DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Located south the Ebro River.
Wine Notes: Old vines make high quality wines, but typically these are inexpnsive,
fruity, and to be drunk young.
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Cariñena DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Located south the Ebro River.
Wine Notes: Old vines make high quality wines, but typically these are inexpnsive,
fruity, and to be drunk young.
Mencía Wine
Red - Still
Known as Jaen in Portugal
Spain - North West / Galicia Region -
Bierzo DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate Continental
Region Notes: Higher altitude protects it from the influences of the Atlantic
Wine Notes: Either unoaked to rain perfumed red fruit flavors or oaked to give
toasty aromas.
Monastrell / Mourvèdre Wine
Red - Still
Deeply colored, high alcohol
Spain - The Levante Region -
Jumilla and Yecla
Region Notes: Two regions near by each other. Hot and arid.
Wine Notes: Youthful and fruity with deep color and rich, ripe flavors
Spain - The Levante Region -
Valencia DO
Region Notes: Largely produces inexpensive wines.
Other type of Still Red Wine
Red - Still
Spain - Castilla-La Mancha Region -
La Mancha DOP
Region Notes: Vines are planted far apart and are bush trained so they don't steal
resources from neighboring vines.
"Vino de Pago" - Single estate with exceptional quality.
Wine Notes: Typically inexpensive, high-volume wine
Red Blend Wine
Red - Still
A blend of various red grapes
Spain - Castilla-La Mancha Region -
Valdepeñas DO
Wine Notes: Tempranillo domonate blends.Youthful, fruity, and mid-priced.
Spain -
Catalunya Region
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Known for its Cava sparkling wines. Most vineyards are concentrated
along the coastal plain and the hills south of Barcelona.
Wine Notes: Catalunya DO Blends can be made from grapes from anywhere in the region
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Priorat DOCa
Region Notes: Summers are long, hot and dry. Large diurnal range. Best soils consist
of layers of red slate with particles of mica that reflect heat. Steep
slopes make hand harvesting and bush vine training needed.
Wine Notes: Known as Priorat. Usually a blend of Grenacha and Cariñena, though
sometimes other grapes, too. Aged in new French oak and have toasty,
concentrated black fruit flavors. French oak
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Calatayud DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Located south the Ebro River.
Wine Notes: Typically a blend of Grenacha and Cariñena
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Cariñena DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Continental
Region Notes: Located south the Ebro River.
Wine Notes: Typically a blend of Grenacha and Cariñena
Rioja Wine
Red - Still
Can be simple or complex. Sometimes blended with local varieties, too. Often vigorous cap management to extract flavor and color.
Spain -
Catalunya Region
Region Climate(s): Warm Mediterranean
Region Notes: Known for its Cava sparkling wines. Most vineyards are concentrated
along the coastal plain and the hills south of Barcelona.
Wine Notes: Produces high-volume wine. Some simple, some powerful and oak aged.
Sometimes blended.
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Ribera del Duero DOP
Region Notes: Higher altitude (850m). Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters.
Warm days and cool nights allowing Tempranillo to ripen while retaining
acidity.
Long macerations and short aging in French and American oak
Wine Notes: Very full bodied with fresh black fruit flavors. Often 100% Tempranillo.
Can age for many years.
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Toro DOC
Region Notes: Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters. Sunny, warm days and cool
nights, results in high acidity, yet high sugar grapes.
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Navarra DOP
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Stretches from Rioja to the foothills of the Pyernees. Often cooler and
wetter than Rioja.
Wine Notes: Rioja style reds
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Rioja DOCa
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Protected from the ocean to the north and heat to the south by two
mountain ranges.
Wine Notes: Commonly blended. When blended with Grenache, drink young.
Spain - Upper Ebro Region - Rioja DOCa -
Rioja Alavesa
Region Notes: Lays west of Logrono on the north bank of the Ebro river in the
foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains. 500-800m in elevation. Chalky
soils
Wine Notes: The lightest style of Rioja wines
Spain - Upper Ebro Region - Rioja DOCa -
Rioja Alta
Region Notes: Lays west of Logrono on the soutb bank of the Ebro river. 500-800m in
elevation. Slightly warmer temperatures. Lots of rain.
Wine Notes: Typically more body and complexity than other Riojas in the region
Spain - Upper Ebro Region - Rioja DOCa -
Rioja Oriental
Region Notes: East of Logrono on the south bank of the Ebro River. Has a weaker
maritime climate and thus less rainfall and droughts
Tempranillo Wine
Red - Still
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Toro DOC
Region Notes: Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters. Sunny, warm days and cool
nights, results in high acidity, yet high sugar grapes.
Wine Notes: Full body, intense fruit flavors and high alcohol.
Cava Wine
Rosé - Sparkling
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Penedès DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm-to-Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: At the coast, it's hot and dry. Inland, it's warm. In the foothills
(500m-800m), it's moderate (cooler).
Grenache / Grenacha Rose Wine
Rosé - Still
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Ribera del Duero DOP
Region Notes: Higher altitude (850m). Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters.
Warm days and cool nights allowing Tempranillo to ripen while retaining
acidity.
Long macerations and short aging in French and American oak
Wine Notes: Dry
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Navarra DOP
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Stretches from Rioja to the foothills of the Pyernees. Often cooler and
wetter than Rioja.
Wine Notes: Made protectively. Fresh and fruity with medium levels of alcohol. Drink
early
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Rioja DOCa
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Protected from the ocean to the north and heat to the south by two
mountain ranges.
Other type of Still Rosé Wine
Rosé - Still
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Toro DOC
Region Notes: Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters. Sunny, warm days and cool
nights, results in high acidity, yet high sugar grapes.
Wine Notes: Small quantities
Rosé Blend Wine
Rosé - Still
A blend of various red and/or white grapes
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Priorat DOCa
Region Notes: Summers are long, hot and dry. Large diurnal range. Best soils consist
of layers of red slate with particles of mica that reflect heat. Steep
slopes make hand harvesting and bush vine training needed.
Wine Notes: Known as Priorat Rose and are rare
Airén Wine
White - Still
Spain - Castilla-La Mancha Region -
La Mancha DOP
Region Notes: Vines are planted far apart and are bush trained so they don't steal
resources from neighboring vines.
"Vino de Pago" - Single estate with exceptional quality.
Wine Notes: Fresh, neutral wine
Spain - Castilla-La Mancha Region -
Valdepeñas DO
Wine Notes: Fruity to more concentrated and oak matured
Albariño Wine
White - Still
Better young. Sometimes a bit of lees contact to add body and complexity.
Spain - North West / Galicia Region -
Rías Baixas DOC
Region Notes: Very humid and damp; mild and rot are common. Vines are trained on
pergolas to facilitate air circulation.
Wine Notes: Refreshing and unoaked. High acidity with stone fruit flavors.
Cava Wine
White - Sparkling
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Penedès DOC
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm-to-Hot Mediterranean
Region Notes: At the coast, it's hot and dry. Inland, it's warm. In the foothills
(500m-800m), it's moderate (cooler).
Other type of Still White Wine
White - Still
Spain - Castilla-La Mancha Region -
La Mancha DOP
Region Notes: Vines are planted far apart and are bush trained so they don't steal
resources from neighboring vines.
"Vino de Pago" - Single estate with exceptional quality.
Wine Notes: Typically inexpensive, high-volume wine
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Toro DOC
Region Notes: Short, hot dry summers and very cold winters. Sunny, warm days and cool
nights, results in high acidity, yet high sugar grapes.
Wine Notes: Small quantities
Other Type of White Fortified Wine Wine
White - Fortified
Spain - The Levante Region -
Valencia DO
Region Notes: Largely produces inexpensive wines.
Wine Notes: Known as Moscatel del Valencia. Made with Muscat grape.
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Reuda DOC
Region Notes: Mainly white wines.
Sherry Wine
White - Fortified
Typically aged in the solera.
Spain -
Jerez-Xérès-Sherry DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Known for its Sherry wine
Sherry Wine (Pedro Ximénez (PX))
White - Fortified
Grapes concentrated by sun drying. Fortified and aged oxidatively in the solera.
Spain -
Jerez-Xérès-Sherry DOP
Region Climate(s): Warm Maritime
Region Notes: Known for its Sherry wine
Verdejo Wine
White - Still
When protected from oxygen, can be fresh. Can be simple and fruity or richer, barrel fermented styles.
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Reuda DOC
Region Notes: Mainly white wines.
White Blend Wine
White - Still
A blend of various white grapes
Spain - Catalunya Region -
Priorat DOCa
Region Notes: Summers are long, hot and dry. Large diurnal range. Best soils consist
of layers of red slate with particles of mica that reflect heat. Steep
slopes make hand harvesting and bush vine training needed.
Wine Notes: Known as Priorat White and are rare
Spain - Duero Valley Region -
Reuda DOC
Region Notes: Mainly white wines.
Wine Notes: Must contain over 50% Verdejo
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Navarra DOP
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Stretches from Rioja to the foothills of the Pyernees. Often cooler and
wetter than Rioja.
Wine Notes: Small quantities made from Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, and/or Viura.
Made protectivly and meant to be drurnk young and fresh.
White Rioja Wine
White - Still
Traditionally, deliberately oxidized. Modern wines are protected from O2.
Spain - Upper Ebro Region -
Rioja DOCa
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Protected from the ocean to the north and heat to the south by two
mountain ranges.
Turkey
Wine Name
Regions
Öküzgözü Wine
Red - Still
Turkey -
Elazig Province
United States - California
Wine Name
Regions
Roussanne Wine (Skin-fermented)
Orange - Still
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
United States -
California
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: High volume brands simply labeled "California" use oak staves/chips.
Intended to be drunk young.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
United States - California -
Napa Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Sunny with a long growing season.
Wine Notes: Powerful wines with ripe black fruit flavors and high tannins.
United States - California - Napa Valley AVA -
Calistoga AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Very warm here.
Wine Notes: Full body
United States - California - Napa Valley AVA -
Oakville AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Well known for their Cabernet Sauvignon.
Wine Notes: Though sold as Cabernet Sauvignons, they sometimes have small amounts of
other grapes.
United States - California - Napa Valley AVA -
Rutherford AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Well known for their Cabernet Sauvignon.
Wine Notes: Though sold as Cabernet Sauvignons, they sometimes have small amounts of
other grapes.
United States - California -
Paso Robles AVA
United States - California -
Sanoma GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Powerful wines with ripe black fruit flavors and high tannins. Though
sold as Cabernet Sauvignons, they sometimes have small amounts of other
grapes.
United States - California - Sanoma GI -
Alexander Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Chianti Wine
Red - Still
Late ripening grape.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Grenache / Grenacha Wine
Red - Still
Thin skinned. Typically used in a blend (including Roses). High alcohol.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Malbec Wine
Red - Still
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
United States -
California
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: High volume brands simply labeled "California" use oak staves/chips.
Fruity with medium body.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
United States - California -
Napa Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Sunny with a long growing season.
Wine Notes: Full body with flavors of oak (vanilla, coconut, smoke) from new oak
barrels (sometimes staves/chips in high-volume brands)
United States - California -
Sanoma GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Full body with flavors of oak (vanilla, coconut, smoke) from new oak
barrels (sometimes staves/chips in high-volume brands)
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
United States -
California
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: Ripe red-fruit flavors, notable oak flavors, and possibly tertiary
flavors of florest floor & mushrooms.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
United States - California -
Los Carneros AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by morning fogs.
United States - California -
Sanoma GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
United States - California - Sanoma GI -
Russian River Valley AVA
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
United States - California -
Santa Barbara County GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
White Zinfandel Wine
Rosé - Still
Usually low alcohol
United States -
California
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: Roses are medium-sweet w/ simple red-fruit flavors. Reds are often
oaked. They have red & black fruit, dried fruit, and oak flavors. Dry
with med-to-high tannins, high acidity, and full body.
United States - California -
Napa Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Sunny with a long growing season.
United States - California -
Sanoma GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
United States - California - Sanoma GI -
Russian River Valley AVA
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
Albariño Wine
White - Still
Better young. Sometimes a bit of lees contact to add body and complexity.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
United States -
California
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Wine Notes: High volume brands simply labeled "California" use oak staves/chips.
Peach and pineapple flavors, medium acidity and body.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
United States - California -
Los Carneros AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by morning fogs.
United States - California -
Napa Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Sunny with a long growing season.
United States - California -
Sanoma GI
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
United States - California -
Santa Barbara County GI
Region Climate(s): Moderate-to-Warm
Region Notes: Cooled by Pacific Ocean breezes
Wine Notes: Tropical fruit flavors with high alcohol and pronounced (new) oak
flavors.
Gewurztraminer Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol, complex and flavorful.
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Pinot Grigio Wine (Italy)
White - Still
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Riesling Wine
White - Still
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Sauvignon Blanc Wine
White - Still
United States - California -
Napa Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Warm
Region Notes: Sunny with a long growing season.
Wine Notes: Sometimes oaked.
Semillon Wine
White - Still
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
Viognier Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol
United States - California - Central Coast AVA -
Monterey County AVA
United States - Colorado
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Franc Wine
Red - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
Malbec Wine
Red - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
Merlot Wine
Red - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Gewurztraminer Wine
White - Still
Usually high alcohol, complex and flavorful.
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Pinot Grigio Wine (Italy)
White - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Riesling Wine
White - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Colorado -
West Elks AVA
Semillon Wine
White - Still
United States - Colorado -
Grand Valley AVA
United States - Missouri
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Franc Wine
Red - Still
United States - Missouri -
Augusta AVA
Region Notes: First AVA in the US
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
United States - Missouri -
Augusta AVA
Region Notes: First AVA in the US
Chambourcin Wine
Red - Still
This is a red wine made from a white grape.
United States - Missouri -
Augusta AVA
Region Notes: First AVA in the US
United States - Missouri - Ozark Mountain AVA -
Hermann AVA
Norton Wine
Red - Still
United States - Missouri -
Augusta AVA
Region Notes: First AVA in the US
United States - Missouri - Ozark Mountain AVA -
Hermann AVA
United States - New York
Wine Name
Regions
Riesling Wine
White - Still
United States - New York -
Finger Lakes AVA
Wine Notes: Fruity and off-dry
United States - Oregon
Wine Name
Regions
Cabernet Sauvignon Wine
Red - Still
Often able to age well.
United States - Oregon -
Southern Oregon AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Pinot Noir Wine
Red - Still
Burgundy Pinot Noir is typically drunk young.
United States -
Oregon
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Best ones will have complex, fresh red-fruit flabors, subtle oak
flavors, and possibly tertiary flavors.
United States - Oregon -
Southern Oregon AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
United States - Oregon -
Willamette Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Similar climate to Bordeaux
Rioja Wine
Red - Still
Can be simple or complex. Sometimes blended with local varieties, too. Often vigorous cap management to extract flavor and color.
United States - Oregon -
Southern Oregon AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Syrah (Shiraz) Wine
Red - Still
High tannins due to thick skin
United States - Oregon -
Southern Oregon AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Chardonnay Wine
White - Still
United States - Oregon -
Willamette Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Similar climate to Bordeaux
Pinot Gris Wine (France)
White - Still
United States - Oregon -
Southern Oregon AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Dry and rich
United States - Oregon -
Willamette Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Similar climate to Bordeaux
Wine Notes: Dry and rich
Riesling Wine
White - Still
United States - Oregon -
Willamette Valley AVA
Region Climate(s): Moderate Maritime
Region Notes: Similar climate to Bordeaux
United States - Virginia
Wine Name
Regions
Norton Wine
Red - Still
United States -
Virginia
United States - Washington
Wine Name
Regions
Riesling Wine
White - Still
United States -
Washington
Region Climate(s): Moderate
Wine Notes: Typically dry.
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